872 AMMIACEAE 



1. Eurytaenia Tex^na T. & G. Stems 2-8 dm. tall, branching especially above : 

 leaf-blades 5-12 cm. long, pinnately dissected ; segments narrowly linear or oblong, often 

 toothed : umbels 5-8 cm. broad : bracts pinnately parted : rays 8-15, slender, variable in 

 length, 2-5 cm. long : pedicels 5-10 mm. long : corolla white, 3-4 mm. broad : fruit oval, 

 4 mm. long, with pale conspicuous wings. 



On prairies, the Indian Territory, Oklahoma and Texas. Spring and summer. 



31. FOENICULUM Adans. 

 Biennial or perennial caulescent herbs, often aromatic. Leaves alternate : blades 

 delicately pinnately decompound. Flowers in naked compound umbels. Hypanthium 

 truncate. Petals yellow or yellowish. Disk with a stout conic stylopodium. Styles short. 

 Fruit elongated, nearly terete : carpels 5-ribbed : oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, and 2 on 

 the inner side. Fennel. 



1. Foeniculum Foeniculum (L.) Karst. Foliage glabrous, glaucescent. Stems 

 5-15 dm. tall, branched : leaf-blades finely dissected ; segments filiform or linear-filiform : 

 umbels peduncled, 2-10 cm. broad ; rays 5-6, often glaucous, 2-5.8 mm. long at maturity : 

 corolla yellowish green : fruit oblong, 5 mm. long. [F. vulgare Gaertn. ] 



In waste places and fields. New Jersey, Pennsylvania to Florida and Texas. Summer and fall. 



32. LIGUSTICUM L. 



Perennial aromatic herbs. Leaves alternate : blades ternately compound ; leaflets 

 toothed. Flowers perfect, in compound umbels. Involucres of a few narrow bracts. In- 

 volucels of numerous narrow bractlets. Hypanthium truncate. Petals white, broadened 

 upward, inflexed at the apex. Disk with a conic stylopodium. Fruit more or less elon- 

 gated, scarcely flattened : carpels with sharp prominent ribs and 2-G oil-tubes in each inter- 

 val. Seeds dorsally flattened, sometimes angled. Angelico. Nondo. 



1. Ligusticum Canad6nse (L. ) Britton. Foliage glabrous or nearly so. Stems 

 5-20 dm. tall, branched above : leaf-blades 3-4 times ternately compound ; leaflets oblong, 

 elliptic-oval or ovate, 3-8 cm. long, serrate or dentate-serrate, the teeth often acuminate : rays 

 8-20, 2-8 cm. long : fruit oblong or oval, 4-6 mm. long, the ribs narrowly winged : oil- 

 tubes 2-3 in the intervals, and 6 in the commissural side. 



In rocky or rich woods, Pennsylvania to Missouri, Georgia and Alabama. Spring and summer. 



33. THASPIUM Nutt. 



Perennial caulescent herbs. Leaves alternate : blades 3-foliolate or ternately com- 

 pound or the basal ones sometimes simple : leaflets toothed, incised or lobed. Flowers 

 perfect, in compound umbels. Involucres and involucels wanting or the latter of a few 

 bractlets. Sepals deciduous. Petals yellow, or deep purple, inflexed at the apex. Disk 

 flat. Style slender. Fruit somewhat longer than broad, terete, slightly dorsally flattened : 

 carpels with more or less strongly winged ribs and 1 oil-tube in each interval. Seeds 

 slightly angled. Meadow Parsnip. 



Leaf-blades mostly ternate, the divisions thick, finely toothed. 1. T. trifoUatum. 



Leaf-blades mostly biternate or more divided, the divisions thinnish, incised or lobed, 

 or pinnatifid. 



Leaf-divisions toothed or cleft : fruit full v 5 mm. long. 2. T. barbinode . 



Leaf-divisions pinnatifid : fruit less than 5 mm. long. 3. T. pinnatijidum. 



1. Thaspium trifoUatum (L. ) A. Gray. Foliage glabrous. Stems 2-7 dm. tall, 



sparingly branched, often zigzag : leaf -blades various, those of the basal or lower stem-leaves 



ovate and undivided or 3-foliolate ; segments ovate to lanceolate, serrate ; petioles slender, 



often longer than the blades : upper stem-leaves similar to the divided basal leaves ; petioles 



shorter than the blades, winged : umbels peduncled, 2-5 cm. broad : rays variable in length : 



corolla dark purple : fruit oval, 4 mm. long, the ribs prominently winged. 



In thickets and on sunnv slopes, Rhode Island to Illinois, North Carolina and Tennessee. Summer 

 and fall.— The state with yello'w corollas, is T. trifoUatum aureum (Nutt. ) Britton ; it is rather more widely 

 distributed than the form with purple corollas. 



2. Thaspium barbinode ( Michx. ) Nutt. Finely pubescent or glabrate. Stems 3-12 

 dm. tall, more or less widely branched, pubescent about the nodes : leaf-blades once to 

 twice ternately compound, 5-15 cm. long ; segments commonly ovate, coarsely toothed to 

 ternately cleft or parted: umbels peduncled, 3-7 cm. broad: rays sometimes uniform in 

 length : corolla ratlier pale or light yellow : fruit oblong or oval, fully 5 mm. long, glabrous 



