904 PRIMULACEAE 



Upper stem-leaves with ovate or broadly lanceolate blades. 



Stems reclining or decumbent : calyx-lobes less than 5 mm. long : corolla 8-10 mm. broad. 



1. S. radicans. 

 Stems erect : calyx-lobes over 5 mm. long at maturity : corolla 15-25 mm. broad. 



Petioles glabrous : leaf-blades with glabrous margins. 2. S. tonsum. 



Petioles ciliate : leaf-blades ciliolate. 3. S. ciliatum. 



Upper stem-leaves with linear, oblong or narrowly lanceolate blades. 



Petioles ciliate only or mainly near the base : staminodia lanceolate. 4. S. lanceolatum. 



Petioles ciliate throughout, the cilia extending along the base of the blade : 

 staminodia subulate. 

 Leaf-blades mainly linear : upper stem-leaves with blades mostly narrowed 



at the base. 5. S. heterophyllum. 



Leaf-blades mainly oblong to narrowly lanceolate : upper stem-leaves with 



manifestly petioled blades. . 6. S. hybridum. 



1. Steironema radicans (Hook. ) A. Gray. Stems weak, 3-8 dm. long, erect when 

 young, finally decumbent or reclining, and often rooting at the nodes : leaf- blades mem- 

 branous, ovate to lanceolate 2-8 cm. long, acute at both ends or truncate at the often 

 oblique base : more or less ciliolate ; petioles 5 as long as the blades or shorter, winged, 

 glabrous : flowers axillary : pedicels filiform, 1-2.5 cm. long : calyx glabrous ; lobes lance- 

 olate, about 4 mm. long, acute : corolla sulphur-yellow, 8-10 mm. broad ; lobes broadly 

 clawed, eroded at the apex, minutely apiculate : filaments distinct, subulate, glabrous or 

 nearly so : staminodia triangular-ovate, glandular : capsules globose, 3 mm. thick, about as 

 long as the sepals. 



In swamps, Virginia to Missouri and Louisiana. Summer. 



2. Steironema tonsum (Wood) Bicknell. Stems erect, 2-7 dm. tall, sparingly 

 glandular above, obtusely 4-angled, often purple : leaf-blades membranous, ovate to ovate- 

 lanceolate, 1.5-8 cm. long, acute or somewhat acuminate, glabrous, rounded or cordate at 

 the base ; petioles not ciliate, the lower ones often as long as the blades, the upper much 

 shorter : flowers axillary : pedicels slender, 1-2 cm. long : calyx glandular at the base like 

 the pedicels ; lobes lanceolate, almost 5-6 mm. long, acute : corolla sulphur-yellow, 1.5-2 

 cm. broad ; lobes suborbicular, erose-lacerate above the middle : filaments glandular, 

 nearly distinct : staminodia subulate : capsules subglobose, about 4 mm. thick, ^ shorter 

 than the calyx. [S. intermedium Kearney. ] 



In dry woods, Virginia to Tennessee and Alabama. Spring and summer. 



3. Steironema ciliatum (L. ) Raf. Stems erect, 2-15 dm. tall, sometimes much 

 branched : leaf-blades membranous, ovate, oblong-ovate or lanceolate, 4-12 cm. long, acute 

 or acuminate, ciliate, rounded to cordate at the base ; petioles slightly winged, conspicu- 

 ously ciliate, the lower ones often as long as the blades or longer, the upper very short : 

 flowers axillary : pedicels slender, 2-5 cm. long : calyx glabrous or slightly glandular 

 below ; lobes lanceolate, 5-6 mm. long, acuminate, spreading or recurved : corolla sulphur- 

 yellow, 2-2.5 cm. broad; lobes obovate, strongly apiculate, eroded especially near the 

 apex : filaments glandular, nearly distinct : staminodia subulate, shorter than the filaments : 

 capsules subglobose, 4-5 mm. thick, much shorter than tlie calyx. 



In dry soil or along streams, Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to Florida and Arizona. 

 Naturalized in Europe. Spring and summer. 



4. Steironema lanceolatum (Walt.) A. Gray. Stems 3-9 dm. tall, simple or spar- 

 ingly branclied : leaves few ; blades narrowly lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 2.5-5 cm. 

 long, acute or slightly acuminate at the apex, acute at the base ; petioles slender, 1-2 cm. 

 long, except near the top of the stem, ciliate only at the base, or sparingly so throughout, 

 the cilia never extending up on the blade : pedicels slender, commonly surpassing the 

 bracts : calyx glabrous ; lobes lanceolate, acuminate, becoming 6-7 mm. long : corolla 

 sulphur yellow, 1.5-2 cm. broad; lobes obovate: staminodia lanceolate: capsules 4.5-5 

 mm. long. 



In low grounds and thickets, Maine to New York and Georgia. Summer. 



5. Steironema heterophyllum (Michx. ) Raf. Stems 1-6 dm. tall, more or less 

 branched : leaves often numerous, various, the basal with oblong oval or ovate blades 1-3 

 cm. long and slender ciliate petioles, the upper ones abruptly naiTovver and longer ; blades 

 nearly linear, attenuate, 3-15 cm. long, merely narrowed to the ciliate base, not distinctly 

 petioled : pedicels often shorter than the bracts : calyx glabrous ; lobes lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, becoming 5 mm. long : corolla bright yellow, 1-1.5 cm. broad ; lobes eroded, each 

 terminating in a slender tail-like tip : staminodia subulate : capsules about 4 mm. long. 



In woods and meadows and on banks, Virginia and Kentucky to Florida and Mississippi. Summer. 



6. Steironema hybridum (Michx.) Raf. Stems 0.5-4 dm. tall, simple or sparingly 

 branched : leaves various, the basal with oblong or oval blades and ciliate petioles, the upper 

 stem-leaves more numerous ; blades mainly oblong to narrowly lanceolate, 2-10 cm. long, 

 acute or slightly acuminate, narrowed into marked by ciliate petioles : pedicels usually shorter 



