980 SOLANACEAE 



cm. long ; lobes lanceolate-subulate, longer than the tube : corolla white or blue, about 

 1.5 cm. broad ; lobes ovate : capsule oval or ovoid, 4-6 mm. long, surpassing the calyx. 

 On banks and in thickets, Texas and adjacent Mexico. 



2. Glllarigidula Benth. Perennial, viscid or glabrate. Stems branched at the base ; 

 branches ascending or spreading, 0.5-3 dm. long: leaves alternate; blades usually pin- 

 nately or palmately cleft or parted ; lobes linear or lanceolate : calyx 5-8 mm. long ; lobes 

 subulate-tipped, shorter than the tube : corolla blue, 2-3 cm. broad, 5-parted ; lobes ovate : 

 capsule ovoid, 4-5 mm. long, included in the calyx. 



On hills and stony plains, Texas to New Mexico and adjacent Mexico. 



3. Gilia rubra ( L. ) Heller. Biennial, minutely pubescent. Stems erect or ascend- 

 ing, 5-18 dm. tall, narrowly paniculate above : leaves numerous ; blades pinnately parted, 

 the segments linear-filiform : racemes or panicle 1-7 dm. long, narrow : calyx 6-8 mm. 

 long ; tube campanulate ; lobes subulate, as long as the tube or longer : corolla scarlet or 

 vellow, dotted with red within, 2.5-3 cm. long; lobes oblong or ovate-oblong: capsiule 

 "oblong, 8 mm. long. [&'. coronopifolia Pars.] 



In sandy soil. South Carolina to Arkansas, Florida and Texas. 



3. POLEMONIUM L. 



Annual, or usually perennial caulescent herbs, with horizontal rootstocks. Leaves 

 alternate, sometimes mainly basal : blades pinnate. Flowers in terminal panicled cymes. 

 Calyx accrescent : tube terete : lobes 5, about as long as the tube. Corolla white, blue or 

 yellow, tubular-campanulate to tubular-funnelform or rarely rotate : limb more or less 

 spreading : lobes 5, broad. Stamens 5, declined. Filaments adnate to the base of the 

 corolla-tube, often pubescent at the base. Ovules few or several in each cavity. Capsules 

 surrounded by the calyx. Seeds sometimes narrowly winged, emitting spiral threads when 

 wetted. 



1. Polemonium r^ptans L. Foliage glabrous. Stems erect or finally spreading, 

 3-7 dm. long, more or less branched : leaf-blades pinnate, shorter than the petioles ; leaf- 

 lets oblong, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, acute or apiculate, sessile or nearly so : pedicels 

 becoming 5-10 mm. long : calyx 5 mm. becoming 1 cm. long ; lobes triangular to triangu- 

 lar-ovate, as long as the tube or shorter : corolla blue, 1.5-2 cm. broad ; lobes spatulate or 

 cuneate : capsules oval or ovoid-oval, 5-6.5 mm. long. 



In thickets and woods, New York to Minnesota, Georgia and Missouri. Spring. Greek Valerian. 



Family 6. SOLANACEAE Pers. Potato Family. 

 Herbaceous plants, or shrubs or vines, some of them of great economic value, 

 possessing stimulant and narcotic properties. Leaves alternate, commonly with- 

 out stipules : blades various. Inflorescence variously disposed. Flowers usually 

 regular, perfect, on naked pedicels. Calyx free, of 5 or rarely 4-6 more or less 

 united sepals, mostly persistent, sometimes accrescent. Corolla hypogynous, 

 rotate, campanulate, iufundibuliform or hypocrateriform : limb 5-lobed or 4-6- 

 lobed. Androecium of 5, or 4 or 6 stamens, all fertile, adnate to the tube of the 

 corolla alternate with the lobes. Filaments equal or unequal, often toothed. 

 Anthers introrse, opening lengthwise, or by pores. Gynoecium compound. 

 Ovary superior, 2-celled or sometimes 3-5-celled. Styles terminal, united. 

 Stigmas entire or essentially so. Ovules numerous, amphitropous. Fruit a 

 berry or a capsule, with two or rarely several cavities. Seeds numerous, flattened, 

 with a crustaceous often tuberculate or rarely membranous testa. Endosperm 

 fleshy, plentiful. 



A. Fruit a berry. 



a. Corolla plicate ; lobes usually induplicate. . 



Berry enclosed in the accrescent calyx : anthers not connected ; sacs opening lengthwise. 

 Calyx inflated and bladder-like at maturity. 



Ovary ;^-5-celled : sepals nearly distinct, auricled at the base. 1. Physalodes. 



Ovary 2-celled : sepals united to near the tips. 



Corolla open campanulate, yellow to white, often with a dark 



center : seeds linely pitted. 2. Physalis. 



Corolla flat-rotate, violet or purple : seeds rugose-tuberculate. 3. Quincula. 



Calyx closely investing the berry, open at the mouth. 4. Chamaesaracha. 



Berry "seated in" the little changed calyx (exceptionally enclosed in species 

 of Solanuin) : anthers connate or converging. 

 Anther-sacs commonly opening by terminal pores or short slits. 5. Solanum. 



