RHINANTHACEAE 1079 



35. BUCHNERA L. 



Biennial or perennial rigid caulescent herbs, witli pubescent foliage, black in drying'/ 



Leaves opposite or mainly so : blades usually toothed. Flowers in elongated terminai 



spikes. Calyx of 5 united sepals : tube 5-10-nerved, much longer than the lobes. Corolla 



white, blue or purple, salverfonn : tube curved : lobes 5, slightly unequal, spreading, the 



lateral exterior in the bud. Stamens 4, didynamous : anther-sacs confluent. Stigmas 



entire or slightly notched. Capsule short, enclosed in the calyx, loculicidally dehiscent. 



Seeds reticulated. Blue-hearts. 



Corolla-lobes less than 4 mm. long, the tube less than twice as long as the calyx. 1. B. elongata. 



Corolla-lobes over 6 mm. long, the tube over twice as long as the calyx. 2. B. Americana. 



1. Buchnera elongata Sw. Stems 2-5 dm. tall, scabrous or hispidulous, sometimes 

 branched above. Leaf-blades various, those of basal leaves obovate to oblong, 1-3 cm. 

 long, usually short-petioled, those of the stem-leaves oblong to linear, 1.5-8 cm. long, 

 entire or sparingly toothed : spikes loosely flowered : calyx strigillose-hispidulous, 5-6 

 mm. long, the upper lobes triangular, acute : corolla blue or white, 9-12 mm. long ; tube 

 slightly hairy : capsules ovoid, 6-7 mm. long. 



In low pine lands. South Carolina to Florida and Texas. Summer. 



2. Buchnera Americana L. Stems 3-10 dm. tall, usually branched, hispid. Leaf- 

 blades various, those of the basal leaves oblong, elliptic or ovate, those of the stem-leaves 

 oblong to lanceolate, 2-9 cm. long, acute or acutish, commonly sharply toothed : spikes 

 more copiously flowered than in B. elongata: calyx hispidulous, 5-6 mm. long ; lobes tri- 

 angular-lanceolate to lanceolate, acuminate : corolla purple, 10-12 mm. long : tube vil- 

 lous ; the lobes cuneate : capsules ovoid, 6-7 mm. long. 



In meadows and low pine lands, New York to Minnesota, south to Virginia and Louisiana. Sum- 

 mer and fall. 



36. CASTILLEJA Mutis. 



Annual or perennial caulescent herbs, often partially parasitic on the roots of other 



plants. Leaves alternate : blades entire, toothed or lobed. Flowers in terminal spikes or 



racemes, subtended by large or highly colored bracts. Calyx of several almost wholly 



united sepals : tube laterally compressed : lobes irregular, sometimes toothed. Corolla 



often highly colored, strongly 2-lipped : tube not surjjassing the calyx : npjjer lip arched ; 



lower lip very short. Stamens 4, didynamous, embraced by the upper lip of the corolla : 



anther-sacs unequal, the outer attached at the middle, the inner pendulous by its apex. 



Stigma entire or 2-lobed. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds reticulated. Painted-cup. 



Annual or biennial plants. 



Stem-leaves with entire or almost entire blades. 1. C. indivisa. 



Stem-leaves with deeply and irregularly incised blades. 2. C. coccinea. 



Perennial plants. 



Lip of the corolla about as long as the'saccate portion : bracts and calyxes brick- 

 red, rose or sulphur-yellow. " 3. C. Lindhdviai. 

 Lip of the corolla much longer than the obscurely saccate portion : bracts and 



calyxes purple or magenta. 4. C. purpurea. 



1. Castilleja indivisa Engelm. Annual, slightly hirsute. Stems 1-4 dm. tall, 

 sometimes branched at the base : stem-leaves with linear or linear-lanceolate blades, 2-10 

 cm. long, entire or some with several narrow lateral segments: bracts similar to the 

 stem-leaves or dilated upward, bright-red : calyx colored like the bracts ; lobes spatulate or 

 obovate : corolla with the ujiper lip shorter than the tube and but little surpassing the 

 calyx. 



In sandy soil, Texas. Spring. 



2. Castilleja coccinea (L. ) Spreng. Commonly biennial, hirsute. Stems 1-6 dm. 

 tall, often branched near the base : stem-leaves with narrow 3-5-cleft or laciniate blades 

 often 3-8 cm. long: bracts similar to the stem-leaves, red, scarlet or rarely yellow : calyx 

 usually colored like the bracts ; lobes quadrate-oblong : corolla quite similar to that of the 

 preceding species in shape : capsules narrowly oblong, 1-1.5 cm. long, acute. 



In low grounds or bogs, Maine to Manitoba, Georgia and Texas. Spring and summer. 



3. Castilleja Lindheimeri A. Gray. Perennial, more or less gray-tomentulose. 

 Stems 1-3 dm. tall, commonly tufted : stem-leaves with entire or 3-5-cleft blades 2-6 cm. 

 long, passing into the brick-red rose or sulphur-yellow bracts : calyx colored like the 

 bracts : corolla colored like the bracts, the upper almost as long as the saccate portion : 

 capsules oblong or oblong-ovoid, 1-1.5 cm. long. 



On prairies. Texas. Spring. 



