1112 RUBIACEAE 



1. Cephalanthus occident^lis L. A shrub 1-4 m. tall, usually diffusely branched 



or a tree 7 m. tall, tlie foliage softly pubescent or glabrous. Leaves opposite or in whorls 



of 3 ; blades oblong, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 5-20 cm. long, acute or somewhat 



acuminate, undulate, acute to subcordate at the base ; petioles 5-*i^0 mm. long : peduncles 



longer than the heads, terminal or axillary : heads globose, 2.5-5 cm. in diameter : hypan- 



thium hairy at the base, about 2 mm. long during anthesis : corolla white, about 1 cm. 



long ; tube slender, gradually dilated ; lobes ovate or oblong-ovate, obtuse : nutlets obpyram- 



idal, 7-8 mm. long. 



In swamps and meadows, New Brunswick to Ontario, California, Florida, Texas and Arizona. 

 Also in Cuba. Summer and fall. 



11. GUETTARDIA L. 



Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite or rarely whorled : blades flat, often scabrous : 



stipules deciduous. Flowers perfect, or polygamo-dioecious, usually in axillary cymes. 



Hypanthium cylindric to globose. Sepals 2-4 and irregular or 4-9 and regular, deciduous 



or rarely persistent, or obsolete. Corolla salverform : tube with a glabrous throat : lobes 



4-9, imbricated. Stamens 4-9 : filaments wholly or partially adnate to the corolla-tube : 



anthers nearly sessile. Ovary 4-9-celled. Ovules solitary in each cavity, pendulous, 



anatropous. Fruit globose or slightly elongated, somewhat fleshy, with a terete or angled 



stone. Seed straight or curved. Testa membranous. Endosperm little or wanting. 



Leaf-blades less than 6 cm. long, with 4-6 pairs of lateral nerves : corolla less than 1 em. long. 



1. G. elUptica. 

 Leaf-blades over 6 cm. long, with 9-11 pairs of lateral nerves : corolla over 2 cm. long. 2. G. scabra. 



1. Guettardia elliptica Sw. A branching shrub, or a small tree reaching a height 

 of about 6 m., the foliage silky hispidulous. Leaf-blades membranous, oblong, oval or 

 obovate or sometimes broadest above the middle, 2-4 cm. long, or rarely longer, apiculate, 

 with 4-6 pairs of lateral nerves, rounded or subcordate at the base : peduncles 1-2 cm. 

 long : pedicels 1-5 mm. long : hypanthium densely pubescent, 2-3 mm. long during anthe- 

 sis, cylindric : corolla 6-8 mm. long ; tube nearly cylindric ; lobes oblong or ovate-oblong, 

 much shorter than the tube : drupes subglobose, 8-10 mm. in diameter, 4-8-celled. 



In sand, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Also in the Bahamas and the West Indies. 



2. Guettardia scabra Yent. A branching shrub or small tree sometimes 6 m. tall, 

 the foliage rusty-hispidulous. Leaf-blades leathery, 2.5-8 cm. long, oval or oblong-ovate, 

 varying to rhombic-obovate, prominently reticulated beneath, abruptly pointed, with 9-11 

 pairs of lateral nerves, cuneate to subcordate at the base ; petioles 5-15 mm. long : 

 peduncles 5-10 cm. long : pedicels 1-3 mm. long or shorter : hypanthium densely pubes- 

 cent, 3-4 mm. long during anthesis : corolla nearly or quite 2.5 cm. long ; tube retrorsely 

 silky ; lobes ol)long or nearly so, 5 or sometimes 6-7 : drupes subglobose, about 6 mm. in 

 diameter, 4-6-celled. 



In sandy soil, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Also in the West Indies. 



12. ERITHALIS L. 



Shrubs, with glabrous foliage, the stems and branches terete. Leaves opposite, with 

 broad usually connate interpetiolar stipules: blades leathery. Flowers perfect, in terminal 

 corymbose cymes, or very rarely solitary. Hypanthium obovoid or subglobose. Sepals 

 5-10, or obsolete. Corolla funnelform or rotate : tube glabrous in the throat : lobes 5-10, 

 narrow, often keeled within. Stamens 5-10, adnate to the base of the corolla : filaments 

 filiform, usually pubescent. Ovary 5-10-celled : styles united, thickish. Ovules solitary 

 in each cavity, pendulous. Berry subglobose, separating into 5-10 cartilaginous or bony 

 nutlets. Seeds flattened. Testa membranous. Endosperm fleshy. 



1. Erithalis fruticosa L. A branching shrub, the foliage glabrous. Leaf-blades 

 leathery, lustrous, oval or oblong-obovate, 2.5-5 cm. long, acute or apiculate, or some- 

 times rounded at the apex, entire, narrowed into short-petioles : hypanthium 1-1.5 mm. 

 long during anthesis, nearly truncate or undulate : corolla white, 2-3 mm. long ; tube 

 about 1 mm. long ; lobes oblong, about twice as long as the tube : berries subglobose, 3-4 

 mm. in diameter, purple. 



On sand ridges, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Also in the West Indies. 



13. CHIOCbcCA L. 



Shrubs, with upright or climbing stems. Leaves opposite : blades leathery, flat, lus- 

 trous : stipules persistent. Flowers perfect, in axillary simple or compound racemes. 



