CAPRIFOLIACEAE 1123 



9. Viburnum Lentago L. An erect shrub or small tree, 3-10 m. tall, with pliahle 

 branches, the twigs, inflorescence and petioles sparingly pubescent with simple hairs. Leaf- 

 blades varying from ovate to obovate or rarely suborbicular, 4-10 cm. long, prominently 

 acuminate, finely and sharply serrate, gradually or abruptly narrowed at the base, glabrous 

 on both surfaces : petioles slender, 1-2.5 cm. long : cymes 4-12 cm. broad, sessile : flowers 

 all perfect : corolla white, 5-6 mm. broad : drupes bluish black, with a bloom, oval, 10-12 

 mm. long, sweet and edible ; stone flat. 



In rich soil, Ontario to Manitoba, Georgia and Missouri. Spring. Sheep-berry. Nancy-berry. 



10. Viburnum prunifolium L. An erect shrub or shrub-like tree 2-8 ra. tall, with 

 rigid branches. Leaf-blades thinnish, oval varying to ovate or obovate, rarely suborbicu- 

 lar, obtuse or acutish, rarely abruptly acuminate, very finely serrate, the teeth often ob- 

 scure, obtuse or truncate at the base: petioles slender, 1-2 cm. long: cymes 3-10 cm. 

 broad, sessile or nearly so : flowers all perfect : corolla white, 5-6 mm. broad : drupes bluisli, 

 black with a bloom, oblong or oval-oblong, 7-9 mm. long, sweet and edible ; stone flat on 

 one side, convex on the other. 



In woods and tliiekets, Connecticut to Michigan, Georgia and Arkansas. Spring-. Black-haw. 



11. Viburnum rufotomentosum Small. A shrub, or a small tree becoming 6 m. 

 tall, with a heavy scent when bruised. Leaf-blades leathery, oblong or elliptic, or varying 

 to broadest above or below the middle, mostly obtuse, finely serrate, the nerves pubescent 

 beneath with deep red tomentum : petioles stout, densely red- or brown-tomentose : cymes 

 ample, 8-12 cm. broad, sessile or nearly so : flf)wers all perfect : corolla white, 7-10 mm. 

 broad : drupes deep blue, with a bloom, oval, 10-14 mm. long ; stone broader than that of 

 V. prunifolium and larger. 



In woods and thiclcets, Virginia to Illinois, Florida and Texas. Spring. Black-haw. 



12. Viburnum obovatum Walt. A strong scented shrub or slender tree, with a 

 dark rough bark and glabrous foliage, the stems erect or ascending, 2-9 m. tall. Leaf- 

 blades oblanceolate, cuneate or obovate, 1.5-6 cm. long, rounded or refuse at the apex, en- 

 tire or slightly toothed especially towards the apex, dark green and shining above, paler 

 beneath, cuneately narrowed at the base into a short petiole, varying from 2-4 nmi. long : 

 cymes 2.5-6 cm. broad, sessile : flowers all perfect : corolla white, 5-6 mm. broad : drupes 

 black, oval, 6-8 mm. long; stone 6-7 mm. long, usually fully as broad as long. 



In swamps and low grounds, Virginia to Florida. Spring. 



13. Viburnum Nashii Small. A shrub or small tree, reaching a height of 4 or 5 m., 

 with spreading branches. Leaves often clustered on short branches ; blades suborbicular 

 or broadly obovate to spatulate, 4-5 cm. long, leathery, truncate or refuse at the apex, 

 more or less distinctly crenate, deep green and shining above, paler beneath, constricted 

 into petioles Avhich are grooved above, and vary from 0.5-1 cm. in length : cymes mostly 

 terminating spur-like branchlets, few-flowered : drupes oblong, 10-12 mm. in length, black, 

 lustrous; stone oblong or broadest below the middle, much longer than broad. 



In river swamps, western Florida. Spring and summer. 



3. TRIOSTEUM L. 



Perennial herbs, with simple terete or nearly terete stems. Leaves opposite: blades 

 membranous, entire, sessile or connate-perfoliate. Flowers solitary or clustered in the 

 axils, each subtended by two bractlets. Hypanthium ovoid. Sepals 5, often leaf-like, 

 persistent. Corolla yellowish, yellow, purple or dull red, tubular-campanulate : tube 

 gibbous : limb oblique, with 5 unequal imbricated lobes. Stamens 5, adnate to the corolla 

 tube ; filaments very short : anthers linear. Disk swollen. Ovary 3-5-celled. Ovule 

 solitary in each cavity, pendulous. Drupe fleshy or leathery. 2-celled or rarely 3-5-celled. 

 Seeds elongated, ribbed or angled. Horse Gentian. 



Leaf-blades narrowed to the sessile or slightly connate-perfoliate bases. 



Leaves over thrice as long as broad : cor^)ila yellowish. 1. T. angustifolium. 



Leaves less than thrice as long as broad : corolla dull red. 2. T. aiirantiacum. 



Leaf-blades with broadly dilated connate-perfoliate bases. 3. T. pcrfoliatum. 



1. Triosteum angustifolium L. Foliage rather coarsely pubescent. Stems erect, 

 3-9 dm. tall, hirsute or softly hispid, simple, solitary or several together : leaf-blades 

 usually narrowly elliptic, varying to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 3-15 cm. long, acuminate 

 at both ends, sessile or the uppermost sometimes connate, the lower ones spatulate or obo- 

 vate : sepals linear, 8-10 mm. long: corolla yellowish, 12-15 mm. long : drupes about 1 

 cm. long. 



In rich soil, Connecticut to Illinois, Alabama and Louisiana. Spring and summer. 



