• CARDUACEAE 1171 



2. Trilisa odoratissima (Walt.) Cass. Stems glabrous, 5-12 dm. tall, corymbosely 

 branched above. Basal leaves 5-20 cm. long ; blades spatulate, oblong or elliptic ; upper 

 stem-leaves with oblong-oval or ovate entire or irregularly toothed, sessile or partly clasp- 

 ing blades : involucres 3-4.5 mm. high ; bracts linear to oblong and obtuse, or the inner 

 linear-cuneate and acute : achenes 2 mm. long, glandular. 



In dry or wet pine woods, Virginia to Florida and Louisiana. Summer and fall. Vanilla-plaxt. 



14. CARPHOCHAIITE A. Gray. 

 Perennial herbs or shrubby plants, with glabrous or glabrate foliage. Leaves opposite : 

 blades narrow, leathery, sessile. Heads discoid, solitary or terminating leafy branches : 

 involucres narrowly cylindric, 4-6-flowei"ed : bracts few, in few series, acuminate, succes- 

 sively longer. Eeceptacle naked. Corollas regular, slender. Anthers often with a cleft 

 appendage at the apex. Stigmas filiform, rather obtuse. Achenes elongated, 10-striate. 

 Pappus of several linear-subulate erose-denticulate scarious scales, with the midnerve pro- 

 longed into a barbellulate awn. 



1. Carphochaete Bigelovii A. Gray. Woody at the base, puberulent above. Stems 

 tufted, 1-4 dm. tall, branching : leaves numerous ; blades oblong-spatulate to oblong or 

 linear, 1-2.5 cm. long, or those clustered in the axils shorter, acute, punctate : heads 

 showy, sessile or short-peduncled : involucres 1.5-2 cm. high ; bracts lanceolate to linear, 

 appressed, finely punctate : corollas 1.5 cm. long, pubescent : achenes finely ribbed, 12-15 

 mm. long, upwardly barbed : pappus-bristles pink or reddish, somewhat longer than the 

 achenes. 



In dry soil, often on hillsides, Texas to New Mexico and adjacent Mexico. Spring. 



15. LACINIARIA liiU. 

 Perennial caulescent herbs, with thick rootstocks. Leaves alternate : blades usually 

 narrow, entire. Heads discoid, few or numerous, rose-purple or white. Involucres ovoid 

 to cylindric, few-many-flowered : bracts in several series, the inner successively longer, rarely 

 with petal-like tips. Receptacle nearly flat, naked. Corollas regular ; lobes often elon- 

 gated and conspicuous. Anthers obtuse at the base. Stigmas obtuse or flattened at the 

 apex. Achenes 10-ribbed. Pappus of 1-2 series of barbellulate or plumose bristles. 

 [Zmiris Sclireb. ] Button-snakeroot. Blazing Star. 



Inner bracts of the involucre terminating in rose-red or magenta petal-like appendages : 



Petal-like tips much longer than wide, acuminate. 1. L. elegans. 



Petal-like tips about as broad as long, rounded and erose-denticulate. 2. L. flabellata. 



Inner bracts of the involucre undifferentiated at the tip, or if thinner and col- 

 ored, not petal-like. 

 A. Bracts of the involucre obtuse, or mainly so. 



Involucres hemispheric, l-2.b cm. wide, 15-J5-flowered. 3. L. scariosa. 



Involucres campanulate, cylindric or turbinate, rarely over 5 mm. wide, 

 usually .5-15-flowered. 

 Involucres rounded at the base, of a campanulate type. 



Heads sessile : bracts of the involucre glabrous or nearly so. 



Involucres 9-11 mm. high ; bracts copiously punctate. 4. L. fpicata. 



Involucres 6-8 mm. high ; bracts obscurely if at all punctate. 5. L. vittata. 



Heads peduncled : bracts of the involucre pubescent and densely 



ciliate. 6. L. laxa. 



Involucres narrowed at the base, of a turbinate or cylindric type. 

 Stem copiously pubescent. 



Involucres peduncled ; inner bracts ciliate, obtuse. 7. L. gractlie. 



Involucres sessile ; inner bracts glabrous, acutish. 8. L. nerotina. 



Stem glabrous or nearly so. 



Leaves conspicuously numerous and approximate on the lower 

 part of the stem, much the same length throughout : blades 

 1-2 mm. wide. 9- L. polyphylla. 



Leaves few or not conspicuously numerous, the lower ones much 

 longer than the upper ; blades relatively wide. 

 Involucre cylindric : leaf-blades essentially without cilia. 10. L. microcephala. 



Involucres turbinate: leaf-blades ciliate, especially near the 

 base. 

 Involucres over 9 mm. high. 



Blades of the lower cauline leaves linear or narrowly 



linear : involucres narrowly turbinate. 11. L. graminifolia. 



Blades of the lower cauline leaves broadly linear or linear- 

 oblong: involucres broadly turbinate. 12. L. pilosa. 

 Involucres less than 8 mm. high. 



a. Heads sessile or on naked peduncles : involucres mostly 

 over 6 mm. high. 

 Lower cauline leaves relatively short, the blades over 

 4 mm. wide: bracts of the involucre ciliate, copi- 

 ously punctate. 13. L. elegantula. 



