1178 CA*RDUACEAE 



2. Coleosantbus cylindraceus (Gray & Engelm. ) Kuntze. Minutely pubescent or 

 somewhat scabrous. Stems rather rigid, 5-12 dm. tall, often branching above : leaves 

 numerous, mainly opposite ; blades lanceolate to ovate, firm, 2-5 cm. long, acute, or obtuse 

 at both ends, serrate or serrate-crenate, 3-nerved, usually rugose: involucres 10-11 mm. 

 high, lO-flowered ; bracts oblong to ovate without, linear within, mucronate or acute, 

 ribbed : achenes 4 mm. long, pubescent : pappus-bristles nearly smooth. 



In thickets, Texas. Summer and fall. 



3. Coleosantbus cordifolius (Ell.) Kuntze. Puberulent or minutely tomentulose. 

 Stems 6-12 dm. tall, corymbosely branched : leaves opposite ; blades ovate to deltoid-ovate, 

 or nearly lanceolate above, 5-10 cm. long, acute or sometimes acuminate, crenate or nearly 

 entire, truncate or cordate at the base, or the upper ones rounded : heads few : involucres^ 

 about 10 mm. high ; bracts linear, finely ribbed, rather firm, obtuse : achenes 5-5.5 mm. 

 long : pappus-bristles rufous or tawny. 



In rich soil, Georgia, Alabama and Florida. Summer and fall. 



19. KUHNIA L. 



Perennial caulescent herbs, with puberulent or pubescent foliage. Leaves alternate : 

 blades narrow, resinous-dotted. Heads discoid, in open or crowded clusters. Involucres- 

 narrow, few-flowered : bracts narrow, in few series, striate, the inner successively longer. 

 Receptacle naked. Corollas white or purplish. Anthers obtuse and entire at the base. 

 Stigmas slender, rather obtuse. Achenes lO-striate, columnar. Pappus of one series of 

 very plumose hair-like bristles. False Boneset. 



Leaf-blades narrowly linear, entire, at least those of the upper leaves. 1. A', paniculata. 

 Leaf-blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, usually toothed. 



Involucres 5-7 mm. high. 2. A', eupatorioides. 



Involucres 8-10 mm. high. 3. A', glutinosa. 



1. Kuhnia paniculata Cass. Finely pubescent or puberulent. Stems 3-8 dm. tall, 

 wand-like and simple to the inflorescence, or sometimes widely branched : leaf-blade* 

 spreading or drooping, narrowly linear, 1.5-3 cm. long, entire, at least above, sessile : in- 

 volucres 7-8 mm. high ; bracts linear-lanceolate to linear, prominently ribbed at maturity : 

 achenes 3.5-4 mm. long : pappus brownish or nearly white. 



In pine lands, Florida to Alabaina. Summer and fall. 



2. Kuhnia eupatorioides L. Puberulent. Stems 5-10 dm. tall, branching above : 

 leaf-blades oblong-lanceolate to linear, 2-10 cm. long, acute or acuminate, sparingly serrate 

 or sinuate, short-petioled or nearly sessile by the narrow bases : involucres 5-7 mm. high ; 

 bracts subulate without, lanceolate to linear within, acute or cuspidate, ribbed : achenes 

 4-5 mm. high, minutely pubescent : pappus whitish or tawny. 



On hillsides, New Jersey to Ohio, Florida and Texas. Summer and fall. 



3. Kuhnia glutinosa Ell. Rather densely and rough-pubescent. Stems 5-12 dm. 

 tall, branching above : leaf-blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate below, 

 1-4 cm. long, acute or acuminate, shallowly serrate, sessile by the broad bases or partly 

 clasping: involucres 8-10 mm. high; bracts subulate without, lanceolate to linear within 

 and cuspidate-acuminate : achenes 5 mm. long : pappus tawny or brownish. 



In dry soil, South Dakota to Illinois, Alabama and Texas. Summer and fall. 



20. GYMNOSPERMA Less. 



Perennial shrubby plants, with glabrous, but sometimes partially glutinous foliage > 

 Leaves alternate : blades narrow, entire, punctate. Heads numerous, radiate, in corymbose 

 cymes. Involucres ovoid to oblong, several-flowered : bracts few, concave, obtuse. Ray- 

 flowers few, pistillate, fruit producing, with very small ligules. Disk-flowers perfect, some- 

 times fruit producing : corollas yellow. Receptacle small. Anthers obtuse at the base. 

 Stigmas of the perfect flowers flattened. Achenes oblong or nearly so, slightly flattened, 

 4-5-ribbed. Pappus wanting or obsolete. 



1. Gymnosperma corymbosa DC. Woody at the base, puberulent. Stems 3-10' 



dm. tall, branching : leaf-blades linear or nearly so, 1-6 cm. long, acute, entire, sessile, the 



lower ones 3-nerved : involucres 3-4 mm. high, oblong ; bracts chafly, slightly broadened 



■ upward, obtuse and scarious at the apex : achenes slightly flattened, about 1 mm. high : 



pappus wanting. 



In rocky soil, Texas and adjacent Mexico. Fall. 



