CARDUACEAE 



1181 



1. Heterotheca subaxilliris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby. Heavy-scented, hirsute or 

 hispid. Stems 3-12 dm. tall, corymbose above : basal leaves several ; blades oblong to 

 ovate-oblong, 3-6 cm. long, acute, shallowly serrate, petioled : stem-leaves alternate ; 

 blades oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 1-7 cm. long, serrate or repand, acute, mostly sessile, 

 partly clasping : involucres 7-8 nmi. high ; bracts linear-lanceolate to linear, acuminate : 

 pappus of the ray-flowers crown-like, that of the disk -flowers conspicuous. 



In sandy soil, Delaware to Kansas, south to Florida and Texas. Summer and fall. 



25. CHRYSOPSIS Nutt. 



Biennial or perennial caulescent herbs, usually conspicuously pubescent. Leaves 

 alternate : blades very narrow or sometimes broad, entire and sessile or somewhat toothed, 

 and petioled near the base of the stem. Heads showy, radiate, or rarely discoid, typically 

 in corvrabs. Involucres many-flowered : bracts narrow, in several series, the inner suc- 

 cessively longer. Receptacle pitted. Ray-flowers several, pistillate. Disk-flowers mostly 

 perfect. Corollas yellow. Stigmas with linear or subulate appendages. Achenes flattened. 

 Pappus double, the outer series of small scales or bristles, the inner of numerous rough hair- 

 like bristles. Golden Aster. 



Leaf-blades elongated linear, or if relatively broad, with parallel veins : leaves and stems silky or rarely 

 glabrous. 

 Leaf-blades about 2 mm. wide or less. 



Involucres 5-6 mm. high : leaves glabrous. 

 Involucres 8-10 mm. high : leaves silky. 

 Leaf-blades much over 2 mm. wide. 



Pubescence of the stem and leaves lead-colored. 

 Pubescence silvery. 



Stems conspicuously zigzag. 

 Stems strict or essentially so. 



Peduncles, branches and stem woolly. 



Lower cauline leaves not markedly longer than the upper. 

 Lower cauline leaves conspicuously longer than the upper. 

 Involucres 10-12 mm. high. 

 Involucres 4-7 mm. high. 

 Peduncles, branches and even the stem glandular. 



Lower cauline leaves not markedly longer than the upper. 

 Lower cauline leaves conspicuously longer tlian the upper. 



Stem-leaves numerous, approximate ; blades narrow: ligulesof the 



rav-ilowers less than 1 cm. long. 

 Stem-le"aves mostly 2-4, distant ; blades relatively broad : ligules 

 of the ray-flowers over 1 cm. long. 

 Leaf-blades not elongated linear, relatively broad, or if narrow pinnately veined : 

 foliage woolly, cottony, hispid or villous. 

 Achenes 3-5-nerved. 



Pubescence woolly or cottony, sometimes deciduous, at least above the basal 

 leaves, and leaving a glandular scabrous or glabrous surface. 

 Bracts of the involucre glabrous. 



Bracts of the involucre prolonged into subulate tips. 

 Bracts of the involucre acute or merely slightly acuminate. 



Cauline leaves with spatulate, oblong or oblong-lanceolate blades. 

 Cauline leaves with narrowly linear blades. 

 Bracts of the involucre glandular or cobwebby. 



Bracts of the involucre without cobwebby hairs, copiously glandular. 

 Pubescence deciduous : foliage rough-glandular. 

 Pubescence persistent : loliage smooth or soft-glandular. 

 Bracts of the involucre 1 mm. wide or less. 



Stem and leaves cobwebby-pubescent : upper stem-leaves acute. 

 Stem and leaves white cottony-Ian ate : upper stem-leaves obtuse. 

 Bracts of the involucre 2 mm. wide or more. 

 Bracts of the involucre with cobwebby hairs. 



Peduncles glandular: bracts of the involucre sparingly cobwebby. 

 Peduncles densely villous-cobwebby : heads of the involucre densely 

 villous-cobwebby. 

 Pubescence hispid or villous. 



Upper cauline leaves mostly less than 5 mm. wide. 

 Stem and leaf-surfaces mainly strigose. 

 Stem and leaf-surfaces mainly hispid, 

 tipper cauline leaves mostly over 8 mm. wide. 

 Achenes 10-nerved. 



1. C. pinifolia. 



2. C. Tracyi. 



3. C. argcntea. 



4. C. flexuosa. 



5. C. latifoUa. 



6. C. graminifolia. 



7. C. microcephala. 



8. C. Ruthii. 



9. C. aspera. 

 10. C. oligantha. 



11. C. irichophylla. 



12. C. gigantea. 



13. C. kyssopifoUa. 



14. C. scabrelia. 



15. C. Mariana. 



16. C. Floridana. 



17. C. latisquama. 



18. C. deaimbens. 



19. C. pilom. 



20. C. Berlandieri. 



21. C. stenophylla. 



22. C. camporum. 



23. C. Nuttallii. 



1. Chrysopsis pinifolia Ell. Foliage early glabrate. Stems 2-4 dm. tall, slender, 

 branched, the ultimate branches nearly filiform : leaves numerous, the basal with narrowly 

 linear blades 5-15 cm. long ; stem-leaves with linear-filiform blades mostly less than 1 mm. 

 wide, all merely acute : heads few : involucres 5-6 mm. high ; bracts lanceolate to linear, 

 acute or acuminate, ridged on the back, glabrous : i-ay-flowers few ; ligules yellow, 6-7 mm. 

 long. 



On sand hills, Georgia. Fall. 



