1226 CARDUACEAE 



late, green-tipped or green on the back, imbricated in about 3 series, the outer shorter : 

 ray-flowers several ; ligules bright white, 6-8 mm. long : pappus white : achenes minutely 

 pubescent. Resembles A. ericoides L. ; but leaf-blades larger, thicker ; heads larger ; earlier. 

 On moist cliffs. Vermont and Massachusetts to Wisconsin, Pennsylvania and North Carolina. 

 Late summer and fall. 



86. Aster Priceae Britton. Stem 3-7 dm. high, pubescent, widely branched : basal 

 leaves with oblanceolate obtuse or acutish entire petioled blades, 3-7 cm. long, the peti- 

 oles ciliate, broad : cauline leaves relatively few ; blades linear-lanceolate, sessile, ciliate, 

 acuminate, 2-5 cm. long, those of the branches similar but smaller : involucres nearly 

 hemispheric, about 6 mm. high ; bracts linear, the outer gradually acuminate, green, the 

 inner a little broader, abruptly acuminate, acute or obtusish : heads about 2.5 cm. broad : 

 ray-flowers numerous ; ligules bright crimson or pink. Resembles A. ericoides but the rays 

 much longer and deeply reddened. 



In dry soil, Kentucky and NoH;h Carolina. Fall. 



87. Aster Bald^winii T. & G. Stem diffusely panicled, somewhat pubescent : leaves 

 rigid ; blades linear, sessile, entire, rough with minute hispidulous hair beneath and espe- 

 cially so above ; bracteals similar but very much reduced and more acute, tending to 

 become crowded and appressed : heads loosely racemed on the branches : bracts linear, 

 acute, imbricated in about four series, whitish and coriaceous, with rather conspicuous 

 green tips which are narrow diamond form, with distinct lateral angles, or without them 

 and becoming lanceolate ; unlike the spatulate or oboval tips of its congener A. dumosus: rays 

 narrow, deep blue-violet ; unlike the groups typified by A. undidatus and A. azureus, with 

 which it has been compared in the general agreement of its lower leaves with A. dumosus; 

 unlike the latter species, in its bract-tips, its violet rays, its hispidulous entire leaves. 



In moist soil, North Carolina and Georgia to Louisiana. 



88. Aster Tradescanti L. Stem 6-15 dm. tall, slender, paniculately branched, the 

 branches usually ascending and often pubescent in lines : cauline leaves numerous ; blades 

 linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 7-15 cm. long, acuminate, narrowed to the sessile base, 

 glabrous or nearly so on both sides, commonly thin, sharply serrate in the middle with low 

 teeth, or sometimes entire : heads very numerous, racemose but not secund on the branches, 

 10-16 mm. broad : involucre hemispheric to broadly turbinate, 4-6 mm. high ; bracts 

 linear, acute, appressed, green-tipped, imbricated in 4 or 5 series : ray-flowers numerous ; 

 ligules white or nearly so, 4-6 mm. long : pappus white : achenes minutely pubescent. 



In fields and swamps, Ontario to the Northwest Territory, Florida and Minnesota. Late sum- 

 mer and fall. 



89. Aster agrostifolius Burgess. Stem terete, greenish or straw-colored, 6 dm. or often 



8 dm. high, slender, erect or straggling, sparingly but widely branched : leaves grass-like, 



dull green above and beneath ; blades very thin, chiefly entire, linear-acuminate, tapering 



to the sessile base and especially to the apex, 10 cm. or even 15 cm. long, by 1 cm. wide ; 



some lower cauline leaves become broader, lanceolate or oblong and slighth' appressed- 



serrulate ; axils generally corrigiate or occupied by two little divaricate branch-leaves : 



heads very small and pale, about 1.5 cm. broad: rays whitish: bracts linear-acuminate, 



very pale, with narrow linear green tips. 



In low grounds, under light shade and about copse-borders, Martha's Vineyard to Florida and 

 Arkansas ; also on river banks at Knoxville, Tennessee. Fall. 



90. Aster panlculatus Lam. Stem 6-25 dm. high, glabrous or nearly so, panicu- 

 lately much branched : leaf-blades lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 7-15 cm. long, acumi- 

 nate at the apex, narrowed to a sessile or slightly clasping base, glabrous, thin, roughish 

 margined, those of the cauline leaves sparingly serrate in the middle, or sometimes very 

 nearly entire, the upper and those of the branches gradually smaller : heads numerous, 

 16-20 mm. broad : involucre nearly hemispheric, 6-8 mm. high ; bracts narrowly linear- 

 lanceolate, acute or acuminate, appressed, green-tipped, imbricated in 4 or 5 series : ray- 

 flowers numerous; ligules white (or faintly tinged with violet), 6-8 mm. long: pappus 

 white or nearly so : achenes minutely pubescent. 



In moist soil, New Brunswick to western Ontario and Montana, south to New Jersey, Virginia, 

 Louisiana and Kansas. Late summer and fall. — A. paniculatiis bdlidifldrus (Willd.) Burgess : leaf- 

 blades narrowly linear, acuminate at both ends, entire, or remotely appressed-serrate, chiefly 10 cm. 

 long and 7 cm. wide, or less : heads numerous, rather densely clustered on ascending branches of the 

 large panicle. In open places, New Brunswick to Ontario, North Carolina, Tennessee, Missouri and 

 Kansas. 



91. Aster Missouriensis Britton. Whole plant pubescent, much branched : stem 6 

 dm. high or more : leaf-blades thin, oblanceolate and acute in type, dull or cinereous-green, 

 sharply serrate above the middle, with long-tapering entire sessile base, finely pubescent 

 beneath : heads irregularly panicled or scattered along leafy brandies : bracts linear, acute, 

 closely imbricated. Differs from A. paniculatiis Lam. especially in its pubescence. 



In moist places, Kansas and Missouri to Texas. Fall. 



