Allgemeines. — Cytologie u. Befruchtung. 243 



eine Eigentümlichkeit verändert wird, insofern stets Korre- 

 lationen eintreten. 



Auch die Vererbung durch direkte Anpassung erworbener 

 Eigenschaften bezweifelt Verf. nicht. Zu diesen gehören freilich 

 nicht Verstümmelungen oder Organisationsstörungen irgend- 

 welcher Art. Unter den vom Verf. für seine Ansicht ins Feld 

 geführten Beweisen sei hier nur der erwähnt, dass es 

 E. Ch. Hansen gelang, durch fortgesetzte Kultur unter abnorm 

 hohen Temperaturen asporogene Heferassen zu züchten. 



Ob die vom Lamarekismus angenommenen Vorgänge er- 

 klärt werden können oder nicht, kommt nicht in Betracht, 

 jedoch versucht Verf., auch hierfür annehmbare Erklärungen zu 

 geben. Kienitz-Gerloff. 



Barker, B. T. P., The Morphology and Development 

 of the Ascocarp in Monascus. (Annais of Botany. 

 Vol. XVII. Jan. 1903. p. 167—236. 2 Plates.) 



Sexual reproduetion and the subsequent formation of 

 ascogenous hyphae and asci, are described by the author for 

 this genus. 



The archicarp, which consists of an ascogonial branch and 

 an antheridial branch, is formed usually at the end of a hypha, 

 the former arising immediately below the latter and proeeeding 

 to grow above and around it. Both are cut off into distinet 

 organs from the parent hypha by the formation of septa, the 

 antheridial branch being usually the former apex of the parent 

 hypha. Fusion then takes place between the two organs, 

 followed probably by migration of nuclei from the antheridium 

 into the ascogonium and subsequent fusion of these with the 

 nuclei of the latter. The fertilized ascogonium then divides 

 into a terminal cell and a central cell by the formation of a 

 transverse septum, and possibly in some cases a third cell, the 

 pedicel, is also cut off. The central cell begins to swell 

 considerably, and becomes invested by hyphae, arising immedia- 

 tely beneath it, either from the parent branch, or from the 

 pedicel, when the latter is present. After swelling, the invested 

 central cell produces one or more hyphae which develop 

 vigourously and produce a mass of entangled ascogenous 

 hyphae, which displace it to a certain extent, causing it to 

 completely envelop them, and to become closely adpressed to 

 the enclosing investing hyphae. The latter soon become much 

 flattened out and loose their contents, being represented in the 

 later stages by a mere reticulum of brown cell walls around 

 the enlarged central cell. Small spherical asci are eventually 

 produced from the ascogenous hyphae and in each of them 

 eight ascospores are formed. The asci and ascogenous hyphae 

 soon degenerate, the surrounding central cell loosing its 

 contents remains as a brown cuticularized enclosing wall, and 

 the spores are liberated into this cavity, and consequently the 



16* 



