Fungi, Myxomyceten, Pathologie. 479 



To supply this want Massee has prepared the present work. He 

 does not profess the volume to be a complete manual of the subject, 

 but its object, as stated in the preface, is to serve in some measure 

 as an introduction to those comparatively new lines of research, and 

 also to indicate where fuller information may be foimd. 



The book is divided into 3 sections. I deals with Morphology, 

 Physiology and Phylogeny; II with Pathology; III with Classification. 

 Section I occiipies nearly one half of the volume. Much of the author's 

 own work appears throughout the book especially in those chapters 

 dealing with Parasitism and Classification. A chapter on "Biologie 

 Forms" is written b}^ Salmon. To each chapter in the section a 

 bibliography of literature is added. 



After referring to the opinions of others on the Phylogeny of 

 Fungi the author goes on to State his own views. In the extension 

 and development of the Phycomycetes , he points out, that in pro- 

 portion as the conidiophore became differentiated, so the primitive 

 sexual stage diminished in importance. He also raises the question 

 as to whether the Oomycetes and the Zygomycetes sprang from two 

 groups of Algae or from one. He believes they arose from one only, 

 since the asexual or conidial generation in the Zygomycetes com- 

 menced where the same structure in the older Oomycetes left off. 

 There is no starting point of primitive simplicity in the conidial 

 generation, as would be expected from analogy with the Oosporeae , 

 if the Mncorineae had broke away independently from the Zygne- 

 maceae. His view therefore is, that the Oomycetes section of the 

 Phycomycetes (the most primitive of fungi at present known) is 

 descended from a group of algae such as Vaiicheriaj and conjugation 

 by gametes as met with in the Zygosporeae is a modification of the 

 oider sexual form by antheridia and oogonia inherited by fungi from 

 Algae. The zygospöre mode of reproduction had but a brief period 

 of existence, and disappeared during the reign of the Phycomycetes. 



The evolution of the conidial phase with its septate mycelium, 

 and means of living in the air, are considered as the first indication 

 of an attempt to establish a definite group apart from the algae, and 

 the two succeeding primary groups the Ascomycetes and the 

 Basidiomycetes are simply extensions of this conidial phase origina- 

 ting with the Phycomycetes. During the gradual extension of the 

 Ascomycetes many^ new- types of conidial fruit appeared. The pre- 

 sence of a trichogyne in the group may be looked upon as a modi- 

 fication of the oogonium inherited from the Phycomycetes. The 

 Protobasidiomycetes and Basidiomycetes are, as previously stated by 

 the author considered to have originated independently from conidial 

 forms of Ascomycetes. To sum up, the entire group of fungi are 

 regarded from morphological evidence as having been evolved from 

 a Single break away from the Algae. A. D. Cotton (Kew\) 



Saccardo, P. A., Micromycetes Americani Novi. Journal of 

 Mycolog\\ XII. p. 47—56. Nov. 1906.) 



This list of new species of fungi includes collections of Dr. C. 

 E. Fairman from Orleans Co., N. Y.. and of Dr. S. Bonansea 

 from Mexico. Latin descriptions. 



I. North American fungi collected by Dr. Fairman, are named 

 in the following: 



1. Hypoxylon piimilio Sacc. and Fairm., on decaying wood. 



