128 FISHES OF ILLINOIS 



the ice. It lives well in the aquarium, and makes a good bait 

 for black bass. 



Spawning females, with eggs running from the vent, have 

 been taken by us from the first to the last of May, and occasional 

 specimens were found full of eggs as late as July 30. The eggs 

 are extremely adhesive, and contain no oil globule. The males 

 average smaller in size than the females, and have the back 

 sonewhat more swollen at the nape. Their sides are rough with 

 minute tubercles, but the head and snout are not tuberculate. 



Genus CLIOLA Girard 



Fishes with the form and appearance of Pimephales, but with the ali- 

 mentary canal shorter than the body, the peritoneum pale, and the teeth 

 more hooked — allying them rather with Notropis; mouth inferior; premaxillary 

 protractile: teeth 4-4; dorsal rays 8, the anterior ray club-shaped and separated 

 from the second by membrane, as in Pimephales; anal rays 7; scales 42 to 

 48; lateral line developed. Size small, 2}4 to 3 inches. Two species known; 

 central and southwestern United States. 



v r 



Fig. 28 

 CLIOLA VIGILAX (Baird & Girard) 



BULLHEAD MINNOW; FATHEAD 

 (Map XXXII) 



Baird & Girard, 1853, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 391 (Ceratichthys). 

 G., VII, 259 (Leuciscus tuditanus); J. & G., 165 (tuditana), 16G (taurocephala), 

 169; M. V., 54; J. & E., I, 253; J., 56 (Alburnops tuditanus); F., 78; L.., 15. 



Length 2 to 3 inches; body stout, only moderately elongate, not much 

 compressed, the thickness of the body in the predorsal region contained 

 about l}4 times in its depth; depth 4.1 to 4.5 in length; caudal peduncle 

 stout, shorter than head, its depth 1.5 to 2.2 in its length. Color dusky 

 olive or yellowish above; sides silvery, with but a faint suggestion of a dark 

 lateral band; a small jet-black caudal spot, and a prominent black spot on 

 the anterior 3 or 4 rays of the dorsal fin about half way up; spring males 

 with head leaden to blackish, and entire body more or less dusky. Head 3.7 



