290 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



Stage VI. — Head 2.2 mm. Much as before, but more opaque, the 

 skill whitish-green, the dorsal vessel dark and plainly pulsating. Marks 

 as before, the skin finely peppered with white granules ; spiracles reddish. 

 Feet about equal, all with broad claspers, but short. 



The brown-spotted form occurs also in this stage and in stage V. 



Cocoon a small, compact, fairly tough web covered with bits of leaves, 

 bark or other material. 



Pupa. — Light brown, smooth, slightly shining ; no cremaster, the 

 anal segment slightly bulging and with two short spines above and eight 

 below in a transverse row. The spines resemble seta? and arise from 

 small tubercles. Surface slightly shagreened, no punctures. A series of 

 fine waved lines about the first three spiracles. Length 12 mm. ; width 

 3-5 mm. 



THE DIPHYLISM OF THE DIURNAL LEPIDOPTERA. 



BY A. RADCLIFFE GROTE, A. M., HILDESHEIM, GERMANY. 



Having brought my studies of the neuration of the diurnals to a 

 preliminary close, I wish to place on record here the conclusions to 

 which they have led. The diphylism is founded on the following 

 characters : 



A. — Butterflies having a short third anal vein on fore wings, curving 



downwardly from base to internal margin, and with only one anal 



vein on hind wings Papilionides. 



B. — Butterflies having a fork to the second anal vein of fore wings at 



base, sometimes incomplete, often disappearing through absorption, 



and with at least two anal veins on hind vvings Hesperiades. 



The nomenclature of the veins is unsettled. The submedian fold, 

 usually obsolete, is numbered by Comstock, VL ; this would be the first 

 anal vein. Comstock's vein VH. would be the second anal vein, and 

 the curved and shortened vein which follows in the Papilionides would 

 be the third. This vein is replaced in the Hesperiades by a short vein 

 anastomosing above with the second anal vein (VH.), thus running in an 

 opposite direction to the third anal of the Papilionides. This points to a 

 different origin for the two groups. The fork of the Hesperiades has 

 faded out in the Satyrids and most Nymphalids. It is persistent in the 

 other families, with few exceptions in certain genera, e. g.. Leucop/iasia. 



The rejection of Mr. Scudder's classification of the diurnals is based 

 on the following grounds : The sequence in specialization of the anal 



