250 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



NOTES ON TWO BORERS INJURIOUS TO THE MOUNTAIN ASH 



BY D. S. KELLICOTT. 



In the late publication of the Department of Agriculture on " Forest- 

 tree Imsects " three species are mentioned as affectmg the trunk of Pyrus 

 americana, viz : The round and flat-headed apple-tree borers and an 

 unknown longicorn larva. I have recently found two additional species 

 fully as injurious as those mentioned. These are Fodosesia syringce and 

 Zeuzophora semifuneralis. The former is a well-known ^gerian, usually 

 destroying the lilac and white ash ; it occurs in far too great abundance 

 in both these plants at Columbus. 



In April last the mountain ashes on the Campus of the State Univer- 

 sity were discovered to be suffering from insect attacks, and search soon 

 disclosed scores of round openings leading into the wood, each guarded 

 by a thin shell of the outer bark ; these occurred from near the ground 

 to the branches, and in a few cases among the branches. The knife 

 easily uncovered a pupa in the boring, and the nature of the insect was at 

 once foreseen. The distributions of the openings led me to think that 

 here was a case in which an ^gerian larva had directly penetrated the 

 uninjured bark, but by cutting away the wood sufficiently I soon found 

 that ffiey had entered originally at the borders of scars and irregularities 

 caused by some other agencies ; that in their long, larval imprisonment 

 they had burrowed up and down the stem for sufficient distances to thus 

 generally distribute the places of exit. 



The first imago appeared April 28, and by May 10 all were out. In 

 no case were they seen to emerge later than 12m.; nearly all did so 

 between 8 and 10 a. m. of sunny days. Oviposition was observed to 

 take place in the afternoon as a rule, and the eggs were laid about the 

 edges of wounds and deformities. 



Prevention, therefore, is not difficult \ sound trees practically have 

 immunity ; in case of injury some of the usual means of protection should 

 be resorted to. The pupae may also be destroyed with a wire or by other 

 means. In a few instances ants were seen attacking and destroying 

 them. 



The second species mentioned is a Phycid and really does more 

 injury than the ^gerian. In April and May numerous loose, white 

 cocoons were found under bark loosened evidently by the action of the 

 larvse preceding them. Early in May the moths appeared, escaping in 



