110 THE CA.NTADIA.N ENTOMOLOGIST. 



the median field ; a patch or shade near the apex is distinctly yellow. 

 The ordinary spots are very white and contrasting, not unusually large, 

 however; the reniform is broken centrally by the conventional lunulate 

 line, and where the outer portions are divided by the veins the upper 

 section is, in some instances, stained with yellow. The secondaries are 

 pale yellowish, inclined to silkiness, the discal marking evident from 

 above; veins and fringes a trifle darker, the latter beautifully silky when 

 fresh. A wide, indistinct cloud along the outer margin. Beneath 

 glistening, yellowish, clouded with rosy scales. The male genitalic char- 

 acters show no departure from the usual type. Date of flight, Aug. 28 to 

 Sept. 10. Types are in the British Museum, the National Museum at 

 Washington (No. 6149), and in the collection of the author. 



It is presumed the larvae hibernate in their first stage. In the 

 middle of June an entrance is made in the food plant, Baptisia tinctoria, 

 and the rest of its existence is passed concealed within its burrow. This 

 plant, being indigenous, may well be considered the preferred or original 

 one. The entrance is made well up in the stem, or sometimes in a 

 branch, and the gallery continued downward. The lower stem and root 

 are so very tough that progress here is slow, and the burrow rarely gets 

 far below ground. Plants do not show the effect of this mining to any 

 marked degree, so that in searching out the specimens one has to rely on 

 those little tricks gained alone by experience, and amounting to a certain 

 phase of woodcraft, if gratifying results are to be secured. 



The pupa is sometimes formed in the burrow, though the more 

 robust and active examples which mature earliest invariably leave the 

 plant and change in the neighbouring soil. The young larva in the third 

 stage from maturity bears out fully the conventional appearance of the 

 group to which it belongs. The first four abdominal segments show as a 

 dark purple-brown band or girdle, while the others are longitudinally 

 striped with the usual whitish lines. A very faint trace of the dorsal 

 extends over these four joints, which is a feature to be noted when making 

 comparisons. In the succeeding stage the length becomes 28 mm., the 

 proportions still very slender and cylindrical. Head normal, of a shining 

 honey yellow in hue, and shows a dark line at the side which takes in the 

 ocelli. Plates and tubercles are all strongly defined ; special mention 

 may be made of the anal leg-plates as being largest on this pair. 



On the seventh abdominal segment tubercle IV., bearing a well- 

 developed seta, is low down below the line of the spiracles, as is custom- 

 ary with Noctuid larvae. On the preceding joints it is a little above the 



