PENNATULIDA. 37 



although they had a specimen before them; but they have referred it to the right place, in the family 

 of the Virgulariae '). 



Distribution. The IngolL has taken the species at the following localities: St. 6: 63 43' 

 N. Lat, 14 34' W. Long, 90 fathoms, bottom temp. + 7° (Nr. 4); St. 59, 65 N. Lat, n c 16' W. Long., 

 310 fathoms, temp. -=-o.i° (Nr. 2), both these stations near Iceland; St. 138, 63 26' N. Lat, 7 56' W. Long., 

 471 fathoms, temp, -f- o.6° (Nr. 1, 3), near the Faeroes to the north. The Diana has taken Nr. 5 at 

 the Vestman Islands at 68 fathoms. To judge from the hitherto known places, the species occurs in 

 different fjords along the Scandinavian coast from Finmark through the Skager Rak to Bohuslan; in 

 the deep channel of the Skager Rak it is evidently of frequent occurrence, to judge from the numerous 

 specimens from this place in the Stockholm Museum (taken by the Gunhild ) ; north of Norway it 

 has been taken (by the North-Atlantic Expedition and by «Barents ) up to 75 31' N. Lat. (between 

 Bear Island and Spitzbergen); north of Asia, west of Taimyr by the Vega -Expedition; by the English 

 expeditions ( Triton >, Porcupine ) it has been taken north of the Hebrides and southwest of Ireland 

 (51 51' N. L., 51° 51' W. L.), its most southerly occurrence hitherto known, while the Vestman Islands, about 

 20 W. Long., is the most westerly. It is remarkable that it may occur both in the warm and the cold 

 area; its proper territory, however, seems to be within the warm area; within the cold area, it has 

 only been taken at the two stations of the Ingolf^ enumerated above, and at four stations of the 

 North-Atlantic Expedition (18, 31, 124 and 251); but all these stations are near the boundaries to the 

 warm area, the Norwegian ones (according to the chart) even at the very border. At all events, it 

 has not hitherto been taken in the deep and cold polar basin, properly so called. 



The bottom is commonly soft, clay or mud, sometimes sand (e. g. St. 6). The depth rather 

 varying, from 40 — 555 fathoms, most frequently, however, over 100 fathoms. 



This species is not known from the American side of the Atlantic. On the other hand, a 

 Cladiscus -species is described from the Pacific, CI. Agassizii Studer (Note prelim, sur les Alcyon. 

 <Albatross > Exp.; Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Vol. 25, Nr. 5, 1894, p. 58) | under the family Protocaulidir\ s 

 of considerable size, 28o ram , with three polyps in the wings («Albatross >, St 3424, 20 15' N. Lat 106 

 23' W. Long., depth 676 fathoms). That Virgularia-species of « Cladiscus -form are also known from 

 other places in the Pacific, is seen from the Virg. bromlci K611. of the Challenger-Expedition, from 

 Japan (565 fathoms, temp. + 3°.3 C, provided with spicules), and V. gracillima K611. from New-Zealand 

 (at small depths, 10 fathoms or thereabout). 



Stylatula Verrill. 



In Fauna litt Norv. Ill, p. 92, Koren and Danielssen separated the genus Dilbenia from the genus 

 Stylatula for two Norwegian species, which at the same time they figured and described in detail, later a 

 third species was added. These three species cannot be maintained; they are only one species, and I think 

 the justification of the genus Diibcnia to be doubtful. To the best of my belief, Dubenia is related to 

 the other Stylatula-iorms (with St. gracilis Verr. as type) in quite the same manner as the 'genus 

 Cladiscus is to the typical Virgularia; here as there, the most conspicuous difference from the nearest 



i) Danielssen and Koren had said nothing at all of the more particular relationships of Svava. 



