ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 217 



marine algae of Denmark, In the notes appended to each record the 

 author discusses their structure and development in great detail, and 

 adds a large number of new figures to illustrate his full descriptions. 

 New species are described in several genera. 



Fungi. 

 (By A. LoRRAiN Smith, F.L.S.) 



Morphology and Cytology of the Sexual Organs of Phytophthora 

 erythroseptica Pethyb. •' — P. A. Murphy has made a careful cytological 

 study of the whole process of fertilization in this fungus. He confirms 

 tlie work done by Pethybridge, and adds further details. 



Study of Phytophthora. t — J. Rosenbaum has published a systematic 

 study of the various species of each genus, giving the morphological 

 and other characters that are of importance in determination of the 

 species. He decides that the separation and relationship of species 

 should be made on the aggregate of characters, it being borne in mind" 

 that the proportionate value to be attached to each character must 

 necessarily vary. In measuring conidia, the ratio of length to width is 

 of extreme importance. On the lines indicated he has drawn up a key 

 for the determination of the various species. 



Development of Thraustotheca.| — This water-mould, which was first 

 discovered in Germany, appeared recently at Great Barrington, Mass., 

 and a cultural development study of it has been made by W. H. Weston. 

 The results include the formation of sporangia and spores, and of the 

 sexual organs and their spores. The writer finds a resemblance to 

 Achlya rather than to Dictyuchus. 



Anomalies in Mucorinl.§ — F.andMadameMoreau have experimented 

 with SporocUnia grandis on a variety of culture media, and have shown 

 the very great variations in spore sizes and forms thus produced. Great 

 diffei-ences in size were also noted -in the sporangiophores and in the 

 zygospores. 



In cultures of Mucor Mucedo a sporangium was produced without a 

 columella, and with spores occupying the upper parts of the stalk as well 

 as the sporangium. 



Life-history and Poisoning Properties of Claviceps Paspali.|| — 

 The forage grass Paspalum dilatatum is much used for feeding cattle in 

 the States, but it has been found that the cattle are liable to be poisoned 



* Ann. Bot., xxxii. (1918) pp. 115-53 (2 pis.). 



t Journ. Agric. Research, viii. (1917) pp. 233-76 (7 pis. and 13 figs). 



t Ann. Bot., xxxii. (1918) pp. 155-73 (2 pis. and 2 figs.). 



§ Bull. Soc. Mycol. France, xxxiii. (1918) pp. 84-49 (12 figs.). 



jl Journ. Agric. Research, vii. (1916) pp. 401-5 (2 pis. and 1 fig.). 



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