ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 57 



P. secundaria. It gives rise to varieties which seem to be due to 

 spontaneous variations, but which in certain conditions may become 

 fixed and form " good species." 



Sudanese Hydroids.* — Laura Roscoe Thornely reports on a colled ion 

 of eighteen species made by Cyril Crossland, including the following 

 new forms: Perigonimus vagans, Lovenella comtgata, and Ceratdla 

 crosslandi (?). The last is an interesting form, 9 in. high by 12 in. 

 wide, much branched, here and there anastomosing, with the hydrophore 

 reduced to two wing-like pointed processes, one on either side of the 

 aperture. 



Distribution of Diphyes arctica.f — Hjalmar Broch lias some notes 

 on the North Sea Siphonophora — Muggicea atlantica Cunningham, 

 Galeolaria Inhibit M. Sars, Diphyes truncala M. Sars, and I), arctica Chun. 

 The last mentioned is an arctic species which occurs in the deep parts of 

 the North Sea, sporadically off the west coast of Norway, frequently in 

 the deep waters of the Skagerrak. 



Transverse Division in Hydra. % — W. Koelitz has observed on many 

 occasions the transverse division of normal and healthy specimens of 

 Hydra viridis, H.fnsca, and H. (/risen, and regards it as an ordinary 

 mode of multiplication. In a few days the two halves grow into intact 

 polyps. 



Porifera. 



Antarctic Calcarea.§— C. F. Jenkin reports on the 'Discovery' 

 collection of Calcareous Sponges, which contains much that is new. 

 He establishes a new family Chiphoridre with two new genera Streptoconus 

 and Hypodktyon, and another new family Staurorrhaphidse with two 

 new genera Achramorpha and Megapogon, and the sub-genus Grantiopsis. 

 Two other new genera are established — Teuihrenodes among the 

 Sycettidre, and Dermatreton among the Grantiidse. 



Antarctic Sponges. || — R. Kirkpatrick reports on the ' Discovery ' 

 collection of Tetractinellids (four species of Graniella and Ginachyra), 

 and Monaxonellids (twenty-two new species and four new genera). He 

 describes some new and interesting forms of spicules, e.g. the shuttle- 

 shaped chelte of the new Mycaline genus Gercidochela. Some of the 

 records of antarctic distribution are striking, e.g. Sphcerotylus capitatus 

 ( Vosmaer), an arctic form which has not been obtained from any 

 intermediate station; Stylocordyla boreal is (Loven), recorded from the 

 North Sea, which has been, found in several intermediate localities; 

 Esperiopsis villosa Carter, a northern form, not recorded from any 

 intermediate station except deep-water off the Azores. 



New Genera of Pharetronid Sponges.1T — R. Kirkpatrick describes 

 Hinchinella lamellosa g. etsp.n. and Merlin normani g. etsp.n. The 



* Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) xxxi. (1908) pp. 80-5 (1 pi.). 

 t Arkiv Zool., iv. (1908) No. 20, 6 pp. 

 : Zool. Anzeig., xxxiii. (1908) pp. 529-36 (5 figs.). 

 § Nat. Antarctic Exped. (Zool.) iv. (1908) 49 pp. (12 pis.). 

 II Tom. cit., 5G pp. (19 pis.), 

 f Ann. Nat. Hist., ii. (1908) pp. 503-1* (3 pis.). 



