ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 743 



marine algae, much valuable work may be done there, and the author 

 describes the various types of collecting ground in the area. Almost 

 all types are represented, and there is plenty of work to be done both 

 in shore -collecting and dredging. The author finds that in Clare 

 Island the conditions dependent upon temperature and salinity of water 

 and the physical nature of the coast are fairly uniform, and the dis- 

 tribution of the algae and algal associations appear to be principally 

 affected by conditions of illumination, desiccation, and exposure to waves 

 and rough water. Mr. Cotton's notes will be of great service to all col- 

 lectors of marine algae in the area to be surveyed. 



Algae New to Japan. *— K. Yendo records twenty-nine species and 

 varieties new to Japan, together with notes on the habitat, synonymy, 

 and structure. The note on Halosaccion saccatum is especially interest- 

 ing ; the author considers that Dumontia fucicola P. & R. and D. de- 

 capitata P. & R. are nothing but young forms of ffalosaccion saccatum 

 Kiitz., and the same may be said of H. hydrophora, with its three varieties. 

 The latter are merely modifications due to age or habit. 



Japanese Algae .f — K. Okamura publishes a further part of his 

 valuable Icones of Japanese Alga?, containing figures of Geratodictyon 

 spongiosum Zan., Martensia eleyans Her., Gelidium pusillum Le Jol., 

 and a new species, Herpopteros zonaricola Okam. The last of these 

 grows on the frond of Zonaria Diesinyiana. It is described in detail. 



Algae of Egypt.} — R- Muschler enumerates the algae, both marine 

 and fresh-water, hitherto observed in Egypt. He founds the list on his 

 own rich collections and on the large quantity of material in the Berlin 

 Botanical Museum. The number of species and varieties in the list is 

 261, some of which are new records and some from new localities. 



Phytoplankton of Victoria Nyanza.§— C. H. Ostenfeld publishes 

 further notes on this subject, founded on samples collected in February 

 1908 at Mwanza and Shirati, on the southern shore of the lake. The 

 author finds that a comparison of this collection with the others which 

 he has examined show that the diatoms (especially Melosira) are dominant 

 in the early spring, while later in the year the green algae and blue- 

 green algae reach their maximum. In this way the Victoria Nyanza 

 resembles the lakes in the lowlands of temperate Europe. It and Lake 

 Nyassa differ, however, from European lakes in the absence, either partial 

 or complete, of AsterioneUa, Frayilaria crotonensis, and Ceratium hirun- 

 dinella ; while, on the other hand, the African lakes contain a number 

 of beautiful forms of Surirella and numerous desmids. This last feature 

 they have in common with the lakes of West Europe (Great Britain), 

 but the species are different. The consecutive order of the plankton 

 maxima in Victoria Nyanza is : -February : Melosira Ayassizii domi- 

 nates ; other diatoms of less importance ; green and blue-green algae 



* Tokyo Bot. Mag., xxiii. (1909) pp. 117-33. 



t Icon. Japanese Algse, ii. No. 1 (1909) pp. 1-20 (5 pis. and descriptive text). 

 X Mem. present, a l'lnstit. egypt., v. fasc. iii. (1908) pp. 141-237. See also Bot. 

 Zeit., lxvii. (1909) pp. 212-13. 



§ Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard Coll., Iii. (1909) pp. 171-81 (2 pis.). 



3 D 2 



