Recent and Fossil Foraminifera. 685 



Frequent. The specimens are all fossil, and obviously derived 

 from a number of different sources. A few are clearly Cretaceous, 

 whilst others are filled with pyrites, and are probably derived from 

 the Eocene clays. Some of the largest specimens are presumably 

 of later date, and may be from Pliocene sands. Earland's record 

 {supra) from Bognor shore-sand, is the first recent British one. 



193. Pulvinulina menardii d'Orhigny sp. 



Rotalia menardii d'Orbigny, 1826, Ann. Sci. Nat,, vol. vii. p. 273, No. 26; 



Modele No. 10. 

 Pulvinulina menardii (d'Orbigny) Brady, 1863, Report British Assoc. New- 



eastle-on-Tyne Meeting, Trans , p. 101. 

 Pulvinulina repanda var. menardii (d'Orbigny) Parker and Jones, 1865, 



Phil. Trans., vol. civ. p. 394, pi xvi. figs. 35-7. 

 Pulvinulina menardii (d'Orbigny) Brady, 1884, Foram. 'Challenger,' p. 690, 



pi. ciii. figs 1, 2. 

 Ditto. (d'Orbigny) Brady, 1887, Synopsis British Recent Foraminifera. 

 Ditto. (d'Orbigny) Earland, 1905, Journ. Qnekett Micr. Clnb, ser. 2, vol. ix. 



No. 57, p. 227. 



Several good and typical specimens have been found, the largest 

 of which is almost equal in size to the specimens occurring in recent 

 tropical oozes. They are all apparently derived from clays, and to 

 some extent are pyritised. Earland (supra) records small recent 

 specimens from the adjacent Bognor shore-sands, " very rare." 



194. Pulvinulina truncatulinoides d'Orbigny sp. 



Itotalinia truncatulinoides d'Orbigny, 1839, Foram. Canaries, p. 132, pi. ii. figs. 



25-7. 

 Rotalina michelinianu d'Orbigny, 1840, Mem. Soc. geol. France, vol. iv. p. 31, 



pi. iii. figs. 1-3. 

 Pulvinulina micheliniana (d'Orbigny) Brady, 1884, Foram ' Challenger,' p. 



694, pi. civ. figs. 1, 2. 

 Ditto. (d'Orbigny) Wright, lb86, Proc. R. Irish Acad., ser. 2, vol. iv. 



(Science) p. 614. 

 Ditto. (d'Orbigny) Brady, 1887, Synopsis British Recent Foraminifera. 



Frequent. The specimens are probably without exception 

 fossils. The best are unquestionably Cretaceous, but there are many 

 others of somewhat more depressed form, which are usually pyritised 

 and are probably derived from Tertiary clays. This species, which 

 is of world-wide distribution, and has a history extending back at 

 least to the Cretaceous period, is singularly unfortunate in its 

 nomenclature. d'Orbigny described it under two different specific 

 names in successive years (supra), and the later name has been 

 almost universally employed by subsequent writers. Following 

 the usual practice, however, the name truncatulinoides is entitled to 

 precedence, although its use must lead to confusion. It appears to 

 be a case in which, if ever, the usual practice might be abandoned, 



