384 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



In the contents of the yeast-cell, Kohl distinguishes between albumen 

 crystals and metachromatic bodies : they differ in their relation to 

 stains, and in their solubility in various reagents. Succeeding chapters 

 are devoted to enzymes, fermentation, and the life of the cell ; 

 classification and allied organisms which cause fermentation are also 

 dealt with. 



Development of Gloeosporium nervisequum.* — A great deal of 

 iuterest has been concentrated on this fungus since Yiala and Pacottet 

 announced that they had produced a yeast form in which endogenous 

 spores like those of Saccharomyces were formed. A. Guilliermond has 

 taken up the question : he recounts the results obtained by the previous 

 workers, and describes in detail his own cultures and observations. The 

 fungus he finds, grows very differently according to the culture medium 

 employed, liquid or solid, growing more quickly and more abundantly 

 on solid substances of a sugary nature. There was no formation of 

 yeast observed to have developed from Gloeosporium in either series of 

 cultures, though two distinct yeasts were found in the cultures as 

 impurities. Guilliermond sums up by stating that at no stage of the 

 life-cycle of 67. nervisequum is there a yeast produced, and, therefore, no 

 fresh light has been thrown on the origin of the yeast plant. 



Notes on GloBosporium.t — J. Lind finds that Exobasidium Brevieri 

 Boud. is identical with Gloeosporium fHkinum Rostr. The fungus 

 belongs to the group of Protobasidiomycetes, and is the type of a new 

 genus Herpobasidium. The species grows on various ferns. Other 

 species on ferns determined as Gloeosporium belong to the Uredinefe. 

 On the catkins of willows he has found four different forms of 

 Gloeosporium. 



Uredinese. — Ivar J. LireJ has published a text-book of the Uredineae 

 of Finland, and describes in full 246 species, giving also biological and 

 morphological notes on the group. The diagrams are exact and trust- 

 worthy, and critical remarks are included from time to time. Several 

 species are new to science. 



The same writer§ has issued a paper on his culture experiments with 

 these fungi : there is no aecidium form of Melampsora betulina in the 

 country, and he is of opinion that the mycelium winters in the tissue of 

 the leaves and buds of seedlings, but not in the buds of older plants. 

 The rust always begins in spring on the fresh-developed leaves of birch 

 seedlings, and produces generation after generation of uredospores. 

 Experiments were also conducted on Ghrysomyxa Ledi, Gronartium, 

 Peridermium-Pini, etc., etc. 



J. L. Sheldon|| has verified the surmise that the Uromyees on 

 Sisyrinchium graminoides is a stage of jEcidium houstoniatum ; by 

 inoculation with the spores of the latter he obtained the Uromyees, and 

 finally reproduced the aecidium on Houstonia coir idea from teleutospores 



* Rev. Gen. Bot., xx. (1908) pp. 385-400; 429-40 ; 449-60 (9 pis. and figs ). 



t Ark. Bot., vii. No. 8 (1908) 25 pp. (3 ph.). See also Centralbl. Bakt., xxii. 

 (1908) p. 46G. 



% Helsingfors, 1908, 642 pp. (Swedish). 



§ Act. Soc. Faun, and PL fenn., xxix. (1907) 58 pp. (6 figs.). See also Ann. 

 MycoL, vi. (1908) pp. 580-1. 



I| Torreya, xi. (1909) pp. 54-6. 



