ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 355 



Nematodes in Grouse.* — A. E. Shipley notes that Syngamus 

 trachealis occurs as a rarity, that Trichcsoma longicolle, which occurs in 

 the duodenum and upper part of the small intestine, causes great destruc- 

 tion of the lining epithelium, aud that the delicate transparent Tricho- 

 strongylus pergracilis is intimately associated with grave disease. 



Platyhelminth.es. 



Spermatozoa of Planaria lactea.f — -J. Hammerschmidt describes 

 the extraordinary elongated spermatozoa of this Turbellarian and com- 

 pares them with others in the same class. He shows that in spite of 

 their apparent divergence they exhibit the usual parts. The head is 

 drawn out, the tail is short in proportion, but bears two supplementary 

 flagella of great length. 



Planaria alpina on Northern Swedish Mountains.^ — Nils von 

 Hofsten records the abundant occurrence of this Planarian in streams 

 on the northern mountains. This is of interest in connection with 

 Voigt's theory that the centre of distribution is to be found in the Alps 

 —its assumed pre-glacial home. The author is not inclined to regard 

 the species as a glacial relict. He also notes, as against Voigt and 

 others, that he has often found P. alpina in Sweden in situations which 

 it could not have reached by active migration. 



Observations on Otoplana.§ — J. Wilhelmi gives an account of the 

 external characters and behaviour of three Mediterranean Alloioccela : 

 Otoplana intermedia Du Plessis, 0. circinnata Cal., and 0. setosa Du 

 Plessis. 



New Species of Echinostoma in Dog.|| — A. Pailliet and A. Henry 

 describe Echinostoma gregale sp. n. (a small Trematode, 2-3 mm. in 

 length) found abundantly in the intestine of two dogs. 



Distomum Larva? in a Caterpillar.^" — 0. von Linstow describes 

 under the name Distomum hydrocampse, a larval form obtained in the 

 aquatic caterpillar of Hydrocampa nymphseata. It is the first record of 

 a Distomum larva in Lepidoptera. Lists of the Orthoptera, Neuroptera, 

 and Diptera in which Distomids occur are given. 



Larval Trematodes.** — AY. Nicoll and W. Small describe cercaria? 

 from Garcinus msenas and Cancer pagurus, which are undoubtedly the 

 larva? of some species of Spelotrema, probably S. excellens Nicoll. 

 Another cercaria from Lima hians is the larva of a species of Sterin- 

 gophorus or of Fellodistomum. The larva of CryptocotyJe concava was 

 found in the plaice, and that of Stephanochasmus baccatus Nicoll in 

 Pleuronectes limanda. 



* Parasitology, i. (1908) pp. 263-79. 

 t Zeitschr. wiss. Zool., xci. (190S) pp. 279-303 (1 pi.). 

 % Arkiv Zool., iv. (1908) No. 7, pp. 1-11. 

 § MT. Zool. Stat. Neapel, sviii. (1908) pp. 644-50 (12 figs.), 

 li C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, lxvi. (1909) pp. 447-9. 

 If Centralbl. Parasitenk,, xlix. (1908) Abth. i., pp. 331-3 (1 fig.). 

 ** Ann. Nat. Hist., iii. (1908) pp. 237-46 (2 figs.) 



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