ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 605 



constitutes an excellent example for the study of problems attaching 

 to sexuality in general. 



New Chlorophycese from California.* — X. L. Gardner has made 

 a study of the minute alga? which form discolorations and mottlings of 

 various kinds on the fronds of certain red and brown algas along the 

 Pacific coast. They are wholly or partly endophytic, or strictly 

 epiphytic. In the present paper three new species are described, two 

 of which form the types of new genera. They are — Endophyton 

 ramosum, which grows inside the fronds of Iridsea laminar ioides and 

 Gigartina radula, and belongs to the family of Chroolepideaj ; Ulvella 

 prostrata, which is strictly epiphytic on Iridsea laminarioides ; and 

 Pseudodictgon geniculatum, which grows in abundance in the terminal 

 part of the blade of La miliaria Sinclair ii, and also belongs to 

 Chroolepideae. Figures are given of the new species. 



Cladophora segagropila.f — D. J. Scourfield publishes a short note- 

 on the globular form of this species, which he says he has seen floating 

 in great numbers in the Norfolk Broads and waterways. Indeed, they 

 sometimes form a positive hindrance to the passage of the wherries and 

 other vessels. He mentions the tenacity of life which they possess, 

 stating that he kept a specimen in a jar for nearly nine years before it 

 decayed. During all that time, till within a month or two of the end, 

 it maintained a green and healthy appearance, although it did not 

 increase perceptibly in size. The author quotes the views of 

 Dr. Wesenberg-Lund on these balls, and adds the information that in 

 some parts of the country where they occur the children use them as 

 sponges to clean their slates. 



Two New Members of Volvocaceae.J— B. M. Griffiths decribes two 

 new fresh-water alga3 from Stanklin Pool, near Kidderminster. The 

 pool is a very old one, and is fed by bottom springs ; it has yielded a 

 number of interesting algte. The first novelty is Pgramimonas 

 delkatidus, and it occurred in great abundance in the autumn of 1908. 

 It is the first member of Polyblepharideas to be recorded for the 

 British Isles. It moves at considerable speed through the water, and 

 appears to swing from side to side as it moves. Its four cilia are 

 strong and thick, and do not taper, but appear to end abruptly. 

 Division takes place by longitudinal fission, and the process is described 

 in detail. Xo encysted state was observed. P. ddkatuliis is very 

 susceptible to adverse conditions, and attempts to make cultures, either 

 in the original water or with Knop's solution, were unsuccessful. All 

 attempts at preserving this alga in solutions of -t p.c. of formalin, or 

 under, proved disastrous ; the cell-membrane became swollen out into 

 great blisters, and eventually the chloroplast became a shapeless green 

 mass. On the other hand, if strong formalin be used no such effects 

 are produced. A solution of 20 p.c. formaldehyde causes no distortion 



* Univ. California Publications (Bot.) iii'. (1909) pp. 371-5 (1 pi.). 

 t Essex Naturalist, xv. (1908) pp. 180-1. 

 I New Pkytologist, viii. (1909) pp. 130-7. 



