564 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



small family groups of such sports, the larger groups, and the four 

 established races (of the Mus rattus type) — M. vicerex (?), M. nitidus (?), 

 31. blanfordi, aud M.jerdoni. The result of his inquiry is to leave him 

 with the conviction that races may arise from sports. 



Hairs on Mole's Hand.* — Julius Kazzander points out that the hairs 

 on the forearm of the mole are separated by a broad bare band from a 

 regular semicircle of hairs on the proximal margin of the palm. These 

 hairs are bent in a concave curve with their free ends towards the palmar 

 surface. Many of them are sinus hairs, as Merkel noted in 1880, and 

 have doubtless significance as tactile structures. 



Notes on Ungulates."]"— F. E. Beddard contributes a number of notes 

 on anatomical peculiarities of various Ungulata. The Himalayan tapir 

 (Tapir us indicus or malayanus), like the two species of elephant, has a 

 pleural cavity which is mainly obliterated by the formation of a dense 

 network of strands of connective-tissue uniting the two layers of the 

 pleura. In Hyrax dorsalis (as in H. syriaca, described by Lonsky) there 

 is a third caecum about an inch long lying between the unpaired cascum 

 and the paired caeca. The orifice of the ileum into the unpaired caecum 

 has a circular valve. The azygos vein in Hyrax capensis is, as a rule, 

 confined to the right side of the body. An additional vein on the left 

 side is rare. The sulci of the brain of Hyrax capensis show considerable 

 variation. In Hyrax, as in Elephas, there is a free fold of peritoneum of 

 considerable dimensions attached to each testis and floating in the abdo- 

 minal cavity, the homology of which is doubtful. Many other notes deal 

 with points in the structure of Antilocapra, Musk-ox, Babirussa, etc. 



Asiatic Horns and Antlers 4 — T. Bentham has made a useful 

 catalogue of the horns and antlers in the Indian Museum, Calcutta. 

 Good illustrations and careful measurements are given. 



Abnormal Incisors of Woodchuck.§ — Charles A. Shull describes a 

 case where the upper incisors of Marmota monax were extremely long 

 and curved, so as to form with the parts imbedded in the premaxilla more 

 than a complete circle. The abnormal growth depended primarily upon 

 a congenital abnormality in the position and direction of the socket of 

 the left incisor. 



Respiration in Tortoise.|| — Ch. A. Francois-Franck has made an 

 intimate study of the physiology of respiration in the Greek tortoise. 

 He describes the respiratory movements and analyses their effects. A 

 full account is given of the lung, its contractility and innervation. 



Synopsis of Chelonia.H — F. Siebenrock supplies a useful synopsis 

 with diagnosis of extant Chelonia and recently exterminated forms. He 

 deals with 232 species in 57 genera. 



* Anat. Anzeig., xxxiv. (1909) pp. 394-9 (2 figs.), 

 t Proc. Zool. Soc, 1909, pp. 160-97 (10 figs.). 



% Published by order of the Trustees Indian Museum, 1908, 97 pp. (numerous 

 pis.). § Amer. Nat., xlii. (1908) pp. 457-9 (2 figs.). 



|j Arch. Zool. Exper., ix. (1908) pp. 31-187 (1 pi. and 126 figs.), 

 t Zool. Jahrb., supplement^, heft 3 (1909) pp. 427-618. 



