The Identification of Intracellular Structures. 



97 



In nearly all cells, and certainly during some period in the life 

 of the cell, the Golgi apparatus lies in the juxta-nuclear position 

 drawn in fig. 1, The apparatus here consists of batonettes or little 

 rods stuck upon the surface of the archoplasm or attraction sphere. 

 Inside the archoplasm lies the centrosome or centrosomes. In 

 highly differentiated cells, such as the nerve ganglion cell or the 

 egg, and in the only protozoan in which the apparatus has been 

 studied {Monocystis ascidiie, 20), it is found generally that the 

 batonettes or grains leave their juxta-nuclear position and pass 

 outwards and become spread out in the cytoplasm {6, 10, 17) 

 (fig. 13). It has now been established by Hii'schler, Weigl and 

 myself (6", 17, 21) that the Golgi granules (like the mitochondria) 

 are able to divide independently of the other elements in the cell ; 

 both the Golgi elements and the mitochondria are living proto- 

 plasmic organs possessing the power of increasing rapidly in 

 number by binary, and in the case of the Golgi elements occasion- 

 ally (6") by multiple fission. In another section of this paper more 



<3 J o^u c 



Explanation op Text-figs. 1-3. (Not to scale.) 



Text-fig 1. — Cell fixed in chrome osmium and stained in Altmann or Benda, 

 except that the glycogen is added to the figure. At NUC is the nucleus ; PLAS, 

 plasmosome ; KARY, karyosome. At GOLGI is the Golgi apparatus, the separate 

 elements or batonettes (dictyosome, etc.) black. At FAT is a fat globule gone black 

 with osmium tetroxide. At GLY is the irregular glycogen mass (absolute alcohol 

 and Best's carmine, or iodine). At MIT are the small regular mitochondria (some- 

 times rod-shaped, fig. 2a). At YOLK are early yolk discs, staining yellowish-green 

 in the osmic acid. At VAC, X, is a vacuole with a small coagulum inside ; this may 

 be either a fatty vacuole, or a watery, partiaUy proteid one. At VAC is a vacuole 

 whose contents have entirely gone. This would be a pure liquid one, not contain- 

 ing fat or coagulable proteid. 



Text-fig 2. — Difierent kinds of mitochondrial elements (Mitochondria). A, long 

 chondriokont {kovtos, a pole). B, other kinds of elongate mitochondria or chon- 

 driokonts. C, granular mitochondria or chondriosomes. 



Text-fig 3. — Various kinds of Golgi elements. D, upper shows a dittosome or 

 batonette lying upon an archoplasmic mass ; lower shows three batonettes clear of 

 latter. Note shape. E, other forms of multiple batonettes and archoplasm. 

 F, irregular grains foimd during cell division after elements separate, preparatory 

 to sorting out between daughter-cells. G, Golgi elements in form of reticulum 

 (juxta-nuclear). H, branched elements free in cytoplasm, after breaking up of 

 reticulum. D, E, G are constant forms. 



