ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 18 



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collected by D. Paul, who has published an account of it (Trans, and 

 Froc. Bot. Soc. Edmb., 1917-18, 27, 301-2, 1 pi.)- He is unable to 

 explain its occurrence so far north. A. L. S. 



French Mycology. — G. Juillard {Bull. Soc. Mycol. France, 1918, 

 34, 27, 2 col. pis.)- gives descriptions of two rare BoUti—B. calopus and 

 B. oUvaceus — which were collected in the Forest of Epinal. 



H. Pierre {Bull. Soc. Mycol, France, 1918, 34, 74-5, 1 pi.) 

 describes the superposition of two specimens of Russula on the pileus of 

 an older plant. The tissue is continuous between the two fungi, so the 

 association must have started at an early stage of development. They 

 were collected in a wood on damp humus. A. L. S. 



Additions to Ceylon Fungi. — A large series of fungus species, 

 most of them new to science, have been published by T. Fetch {Ann. 

 Roij. Bot. Gardens, Peradeniya, 1917, 6, 195-256). The fungi are 

 mostly either of a large fleshy nature or belong to the microf ungi. They 

 were all collected in Ceylon during recent years. A. L. S. 



Revisions of Ceylon Fungi (Pa/ts IV. and V.). — These two papers 

 are parts of a series of notes and observations by T. Fetch {Ann. 

 Roy. Bot. Gardens, Peradeniya, 1916, 6, 1-31 ; 1917, 6, 307-55). The 

 author takes up the species of fungi already described and published by 

 previous authors, and gives a history of the species and new descriptions 

 from the living plants. In many cases plants are grouped together that 

 have been diagnosed as distinct species. An index is given with each 

 paper which accounts for all the various names. A. L. S. 



Discoloration of Paper Pulp due to Fungi. — Fernand Moreait 

 {Bull. Soc. Mycol. France, 1918, 34, 29-30) reports that a quantity of 

 pulp imported for the manufacture of paper arrived in a very blackened 

 condition, and that the usual process of whitening (by chlorine or hypo- 

 chlorites) was useless in removing the colour. The blackening was 

 supposed to be due to the presence of a sph^riaceous fungus on the pulp. 

 If blackening by fungi were to become a danger, the value of imported 

 pulp would be seriously lessened. Moreau experimented with the mycelium 

 and spores of fungi that are dark brown or black. In all cases he was 

 able to decolorize them in a few minutes ; but as the presence of a large 

 quantity of fungi might necessitate the employment of hypochlorite in 

 too great quantities, antiseptic measures should be taken before shipment 

 of the material. A. L. S. 



Ecological Conditions in the Development of Parasitic Fungi : 

 Study of Geographical Botany. — This subject has been taken up by 

 J. Dufrenoy {Bidl. Soc. Mycol. France, 1918, 34, 8-26), who discusses 

 from personal observations the cause of disease from the view of 

 -environment. As factors influencing the presence of fungus diseases he 

 cites the altitude (in which are included radiation, humidity, and tem- 

 j)erature) and also the season when the spores mature. He finds that 

 there are species which belong to the plains, others to the mountains, and 



