130 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



individual embryo may be aifected in only one eye. This is difficult to 

 explain. The liquefactions that occur indicate a true cytolytic effect. 

 Of the several proteins composing the lens, one is fibrous, and it is upon 

 this that the sensitized serum seems to operate. No effect was observed 

 in the mother, which may be due to the meagre circulation in the adult 

 lens. The fact of chief interest is that visible specific structural modifica- 

 tions can be engendered in the young in utero by means of specifically 

 sensitized serum, J. A. T. 



Female Reproductive System in some Falcons.— Max Kollman 

 {Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1919, 44, 43-52, 3 figs.). In six cases (four 

 of Accifpiter nisiis, and one of Astur palumbarius and Tinnunculus 

 tmmmculus) paired ovaries were found ; and two persistent Wolffian 

 ducts were found in two cases. A duck observed by Chappellier had 

 two ovaries and two oviducts, and someti^nes laid two eggs in a day. In 

 the cases described by Kollman the right oviduct remained vestigial, 

 which is puzzling. In most birds a ventral sagittal partition divides 

 the abdominal cavity into two distinct compartments. J. A. T. 



Hybrids Between Fundulus and Mackerel. — H. H. Newsman 

 (Journ. Exper. ZooV, 1918, 26, 391-421, 4 figs.). Crosses have been 

 effected between Fundulus heieroclitus 9 and Scomber scomhriis $ . 

 The former has red chromatophores and the latter green ones ; the 

 former has solid black chromatophores and the latter delicately branched 

 ones. In proportion as the paternal element (indicated by the mackerel 

 chromatophores) vigorously finds expression, in like proportion is 

 development retarded and various types of monster appear. The most 

 successful embryos are, in so far as the chromatophores are concerned, 

 pure maternal. The great majority of the hybrids are subnormal, 

 especially in their apical structures (eyes, hearts, etc.), and at the same 

 time show obvious paternal inheritance. A somewhat smaller group of 

 hybrid embryos show large apical parts and reduced basal parts ; such 

 embryos are usually pure maternal as to chromatophores, or at least in 

 the region of differentiation. Such anomalies are to be interpreted as 

 diffei'ential recovery products. The capacity of apical structures for 

 recovery is greater than that in basal structures. Thus there may be 

 heads differentiated without bodies, or with at best rudimentary bodies, 

 and occasionally isolated eyes and hearts. It seems, then, that in 

 heterogenic crosses no harmonious structural differentiation can result 

 unless there be neutralization or elimination of the disharmonious 

 parental (in this case paternal) materials. If the latter function 

 actively in the development, there can result only retarded and sub- 

 normal embryos and larv», and the vast majority of the hybrids in this 

 case were of this type. J. A. T. 



b. Histology. 



Epithelial Movement in Tissue Culture.— Shinichi Matsumoto 

 {Journ. Exper. Zool., 1918, 26, 545-64, 9 figs.). Corneal epithelium 

 of the adult frog, cultivated in plasma, shows various types of amoeboid 

 movement, accordinor to the nature of the substratum. As a rule the 



