ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 221 



Morphological and Biological Characteristics of Penicillium 

 Species.* — The recorded species of Penicillium are about sixty in 

 number, most of them so imperfectly described that it is impossible to 

 recognise them. 0. Stoll has taken up this difficult genus, and lias 

 described seven species from well authenticated growths, most of them 

 cultivated by himself. Penicillium brevicaule he found on old tapestry ; 

 P. olivaceum and P. italicum grew on oranges and citrons ; P. rubrum 

 on straw in a hen-house ; P. glaucum was found everywhere. In each 

 case he describes the conidial form of fructification, and the behaviour 

 of the fungus in regard to the substratum, and he gives accurate 

 measurements and descriptions of the conidia. Under certain condi- 

 tions P. glaucum develops a colourless form, P. candidum Link. ; when 

 re-infected on potato, the usual colour is again produced. Further work 

 is needed to determine the other species not dealt with by Stoll. 



Rusts of Pines. t — D. H. C. Schellenberg observed that the rust of 

 Pinus Cembra alternated with Cronartium on Ribes alpinum. Further 

 study proved that it was the same rust that attacked Pinus Strobus, 

 known as Peridermium Strobi. It is a well-known and frequent parasite 

 in Alpine pine woods. 



Pucciniae found on Umbelliferse.J — 0. Semadeni concludes a long 

 account of these fungi. He recounts the different infection experiments 

 with their results. Thus, he finds that P. bullata is to be regarded as 

 a "collective species," including one or more biological species. He 

 establishes a new species, P. Pozzii on Clucropliyllum hirsutum var. 

 glabrum, and shows that JEcidium Mei has as Puccinia form P. ma- 

 millata Schroeb. on Polygonum bistorta and P. viviparum. He gives 

 the new name P. Mei-mamillata to the species. Another form on 

 Angelica he terms P. Angel ica-mamil lata. 



Notes on Uredospores of Uromyces brevipes and U. punctato- 

 striatus.§ — P. Dietel describes two kinds of uredospores on Uromyces 

 brevipes. The primary spores, which appear on the stronger veins and 

 petioles of the leaf, cause slight deformations. The secondary spores 

 are smaller, and appear mixed with teleutospores. There are other 

 differences in the markings of the spores. Uromyces punctato-striatus is, 

 like the previous species, a parasite of Rhus. There are primary and 

 secondary spores, but in this case the secondary spores grow in sori on 

 the under side of the leaf. 



On the Vegetative Life of some Uredinese.|| — Jakob Eriksson here 

 re-states his theory of the propagation of rusts by a mycoplasma contained 

 in the tissue of the host, and gradually developing into fungal hypha3 

 and rust sori with spores. He states finally that " the question where 

 the plasmodia in the leaves of the corn-plants have come from, must be 

 left for further investigation." 



• Inaug. Diss. Wurzburg, 1904, 56 pp., 5 pis. See alsoBot. Centralbl., xiii. (1904) 

 pp. 770-3. 



f Naturwiss. Zeitschr. Land. Forstw., 1904, p. 233. See also Centralbl. Bakt. 

 xiii. (1904) pp. 659-GO. 



% Cemralbl. Bakt, xiii. (1904) pp. 527-43 (5 figs.). 



§ Ann. Mycol., ii. (1904) pp. 530-3. Ann. Bot., xix. (1905) pp. 55-9. 



