ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY", ETC. 347 



Tranzschel * adds several other cases of ketercecism that he has more 

 recently established ; that Puccinia Polygoni belongs to an yEcidium on 

 Geranium pusillum • Uromyces Veratri is connected with JE. Adeno- 

 stylis ; Uromyces Rumicis with JE. Ficaria, etc. 



Theophil AVurthf has completed a study of the Puccinia; on 

 Rubiaceae. He finds that several distinct species exist instead of only 

 one. He gives an account of his experiments to establish his facts, and 

 describes each species in detail. He also found on Galium Mollugo an 

 iEcidium that had no connection with the Puccinia. It evidently 

 belonged to a heteroecious species. Infection experiments have so far 

 failed to determine the alternative host. 



Oscar Mayus J has made a comparative study of the peridial cells of 

 certain JEcidia that grow in different localities. Where the conditions 

 of habitat, temperature, etc., are the same, there is no distinguishable 

 difference between one plant and another. In cases where the cell-wall 

 is thicker or thinner, the influence of nutrition accounts for the varia- 

 tion. 



Swiss Uredinese.§ — Ed. Fischer has published that part of the Swiss 

 flora dealing with plant rusts, the classification followed being that of 

 Dietel in Engler and Prantl's Pjianzenfamilien. The earliest mention 

 of Uredineas in Switzerland occurs in Albrecht von Haller's " Historia 

 stirpium Helvetia?," published in 1768. Since then many have taken part 

 in collecting and studying these fungi, and Fischer gives a short 

 account of the different workers. He discusses the distribution with 

 reference to position and climate, the period of time during which 

 Uredineas have been present in Switzerland, and the appearance of 

 stranger forms, such as Puccinia malvacearum. He explains his method 

 of grouping the different species, and gives the lines on which he 

 differentiates species morphological and biological. Full descriptions of 

 genera and species are given ; in many cases spores, etc., are figured. 

 Bibliography and host-index are added, as also the source of the 

 materials used in compiling the monograph. 



Amphispores of Grass and Sedge Rusts.|| — J. C. Arthur gives an 

 account of amphispores, first described by Carleton in 1901. They are 

 modified uredospores possessing thick indurated walls and semi-persistent 

 pedicels. They have been found mostly in the semi-arid regions of 

 America. One species is recorded from the Himalayas. They have been 

 often confounded with the teleutospores of Uromyces, but they differ 

 from those in possessing two or more germ-pores, while teleutospores 

 have only one. They also share with uredospores the power of infecting 

 the plant on which they have grown. Teleutospores infect only the 

 alternate host. Their advantage to the fungus lies in their capacity to 

 withstand adverse conditions for a considerable time ; they are really 



* Arb. bot. Mus. K. Akad. Wiss. St. Petersburg, 1904, pp 14-30. See also Ann. 

 Mycol., iii. (1904) p. 107. 



t Cenlralbl. Bakt., xiv. (1905) pp. 209-24, 309-20 (14 figs.). 



j Dissert. (1904) 3:3 pp. See also Bot. < entralbl., xcviii. (1905) p. 340. 



§ Beitr'age zur Krypt.-FIora der Schwciz, Bd. ii. Heft ii., Berr. K. J. Wyss., 1904, 

 xciv. and 590 pp., 342 ligs. 



|| Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxii. (1905) pp. 35-41 (9 figs.). 



