ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 351 



family, the Seuratiacese. Instead of a peritkecium, the asci are protected 

 by a mucilaginous coating composed of the swollen ends of the kyphrc, 

 forming a brown granular layer. The spores are colourless. 



1ST. Patouillard* has received a fungus from Tonkin, which he has 

 determined to be a new genus Rollandina (Gymnoascere). It is stalked 

 something like an Onygena, but the outer covering of the fruit is loose 

 and filamentous. The spores are minute and colourless. 



A. Maublanc f examined some apples covered with rather large light- 

 coloured spots, which were dotted with small black tubercles. He found 

 that they were caused by a fungus which he names and describes as 

 Trichoseptoriafructigena. The mycelium penetrates deeply into the fruit 

 between the cells, which become dissociated and brown. 



F. Gueguen % has reviewed the species of Dictyosporium and Speira. 

 He finds that these two genera are alike, the former name being retained. 

 He considers the fruit to be an aggregation of conidia, the terminal 

 member of each filament possessing, usually, germinating power alone. 

 He describes the germination and development of the fungi in artificial 

 culture. 



"W. Harlay§ describes cases of poisoning due to Amanita phalloides. 

 He is anxious to get details of all such cases. 



Trehalose in Fungi.|| — This enzyme, which acts on trehalose as do 

 invertase or sucrase on saccharose, has been already detected in several 

 fungi. Em. Bourquelot and H. Herissey have examined a further 

 number of plants, and they find that the results vary considerably, 

 according to the age and condition of the fungus at the time of examina- 

 tion, but they have proved that the enzyme is generally present in 

 fungus tissues, and indispensable for the utilisation of trehalose, a sub- 

 stance that corresponds to the saccharose of the higher plants. 



Effect of Turgesence in Fungi.l — F. Gueguen records an instance 

 of a fungus, Agar km campestris, that raised an asphalte walk to a height 

 of several centimetres over a diameter of 30 centimetres. The mushroom 

 was split across the top and the stalk was distorted by the pressure, but 

 the gills had formed almost normally and had produced an abundance of 

 spores. 



New Parasitic Fungi.** — C. A. J. A. Oudemans describes a Lrpt»- 

 stroma that was living on the needles of Finns austriaca. Sclerotiopsis 

 pityophila (Spha3ropsidea3) he found on the needles of Pinus silvestris, 

 and on the withered leaf-sheaths of Typha latifolia there occurred a 

 hitherto insufficiently described member of the Tubercular iacese, 

 Hymenopsis Typhcc. 



Edible and Poisonous Fungi.jt — The economic aspect of fungi has 

 been studied by G. F. Atkinson. He gives popular descriptions of a 



* Bull. Soc. Mycol. France, sxi. (1905) pp. 81-3 (1 pi.)- 

 t Tom. cit., pp. 95-7 (1 fi-.). I Tom. cit., pp. 9S-106 (2 pis.). 



§ Tom. cit., pp. 107-10. || Tom. cit., pp. 50-7. 



f Tom. cit., pp. 39-41. 



** Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam, vii. (1904) pp. 200-13 (3 pis.). See also 

 Hcdwigia, xliv. (1905) p. 62. 



ft Studies of American Fungi: Mushrooms, Edible, Poisonous, etc. Henry Holt 

 and Co. (New York, 1903) v. and 323 pp., 230 photos., and col. plB. 



