356 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



Rick, J. — Fungi austro-americani, Fasc.ii. 



[The author lists 21 species; several of them are new and are full \- 

 described.] Ann. Mycol., iii. (1905) pp. 15-18. 



Roll and, L. — Champignons des iles Baleares recoltes principalement dans la region 

 montagneuse de Sdller. (Fungi uf the Balearic Islands, collected chiefly in the 

 mountainous regiou of Soller.) 



[A number of new species are recorded ; 310 plants arc included in the list.] 

 Bull. Soc. Mycol. France, xxi. (1905) pp. 21-38 (2 pis.). 



Stddeb, B. — Die Pilzsaison von 1904 im der umgegend von Bern. (The fungus 

 season of 1904 in the neighbourhood of Berne.) 



[Prolonged drought followed by heavy storms produced abnormal developments- 

 both of species and individuals.] 



Sckw. Woch.fiir Chemie und Pharmacie, No. 44, 1904, 8vo, 2 pp. 

 See also Bot. Centralbl., xcviii. (1905) p. 280. 



Sums tine, D. R. — The Boletaceae of Pennsylvania. 



Torreya, iv. (1904) pp. 184-5. 

 See also Bot. Centralbl, xcviii. (1905) p. 280. 



Szabo, Zoltan von — Ueber eineneue Hyphomyceten-Gattung. (A new genus of 

 Hyphomycetes.) 



[The new genus is called Tetracoccosporium (Dematiacese). It grew on dung 

 in the laboratory. Spores and fertile hyphsa are brown, the sterile 

 mycelium is colourless.] Hedwigia, xliv. (1905) pp. 76-7 (1 fig.). 



Trotter, A. — Ascochyta Salicorniae P. Magnus var. Salicorni® patulae Trotter, 



[Two species have been recently described under the same name; the latter is 

 not identical, but is a variety of the former.] 



Ann. Mycol. iii. (1905) p. 30. 



Will, H. — Vergleichende Untersuchungen an vier Untergarigen Arten von 

 Bierhefen. (Comparative researches on four species of fermenting beer yeasts.) 

 [A description of the behaviour of the different yeasts in artificial cultures.] 



Centralbl. Bald., xiv. (1905) pp. 129-135. 



Wurth, Th. — Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Pilzflora Graubundens. (Contribution 

 to the knowledge of the fungus flora of Graubundens.) 

 [Notes are given on many of the species.] 

 Jahresb. Naturforsch. ges. Graubundens, neue Folge, Bd. 46 (1904) pp. 19-28. 



See also Hedwigia, xliv. (1905) p. 64. 



Lichens. 



Theory of Endosaprophytism in Lichens.* — This subject is 

 thoroughly discussed by A. Elenkin. He gives an historical review of 

 the whole question of the relationship between algas and fungi in the 

 lichen thallus, and states that as yet the theory of mutabilism or sym- 

 biosis remains an hypothesis. The parasitic action of the fungus haustoria 

 on the algal cells has been more or less proved in comparatively few 

 cases.' He quotes the conclusions arrived at by Wanning, that the algai 

 are passive agents, and give to the fungus more than they receive : they 

 are " helots " rather than symbionts. 



The author then gives the results of his own research. He finds in 

 all lichens more or fewer dead algal cells that outnumber the living. 

 A few of these can be accounted for as being the empty cells after 

 division and escape of the daughter cells, and some have died probably 

 from the absence of light and air. The large bulk have been destroyed 



* Bull. Sec. Imp. Natural. Moscou, 1904, Nos. 2 and 3 (1905) pp. 1G4-S6. 



