ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 37? 



The medium is next distributed into test tubes, and steam-sterilised 

 for about 30 minutes. Plates are made from these, and the plates 

 inoculated after the manner recommended by Drigalski and Conradi. 

 Coli colonies are red and the typhoid colourless. The latter eventually 

 become larger than the Coli colonies. The explanation offered as to 

 the redness of the Coli colonies is very plausible ; the rosanilin salt 

 loses its colour through the action of the sodium hyposulphite ; hence,, 

 as the Coli bacteria produce acid, they restore the colour. 



Simple Medium for Cultivating 1 Gonococcus.* — P>. Lipschiitz 

 recommends a nutrient medium which contains a 2 p.c. solution of white 

 of egg. 



The method of making the medium is as follows : A 2 p.c. 

 solution of white of egg in tap-water is placed in a glass flask, and to 

 every 100 c.cm. are added 20 c.cm. of a y 1 ,, normal caustic soda. After 

 half-an-hour, during which time the mixture should be carefully shaken 

 a few times, the raw medium is filtered in quantities of 30-50 c.cm. 

 into Erlenmeyer's flasks, and sterilised two or three times. The albumen 

 mixture should be colourless to pale yellow, quite clear, and alkaline 

 to litmus. 



The albumen mixture thus prepared may be added to agar 

 (agar 1 p.c, NaCl h p.c, pepton 1 p.c), or to bouillon in the proportion 

 of one part of the solution to 2 or 3 parts of agar. The broth may be 

 used first and transfers made to the agar in about 48 hours. 



The gonococcus colonies are said to be easily distinguished from 

 contaminations. 



For the method of obtaining the infective material the original 

 should be consulted. 



New Method for obtaining Pure Cultivation of Yeast.f — 

 H. Wichmann and H. Zickes first take a droplet from a suspension of 

 yeast in beerwort and with this make a surface culture on wort-gelatin. 

 In this way droplet-plates are made on square cover-glasses, and placed 

 in a Bottcher's chamber, or over a hollow-ground slide ringed round with 

 thin vaselin. The authors find that this droplet-plate method is suitable- 

 for obtaining cultivations of almost all kinds of Blastomycetes. 



Effect of Coffein on Typhoid and Coli Cultures 4 — F. Kloumann 

 finds that when coffein is added in slight amount to nutrient media it 

 inhibits the growth of both Coli and typhoid bacteria, acting, however, 

 more strongly on the former than on the latter. In stronger concentra- 

 tion the number of Coli bacteria is diminished, the effect on typhoid being 

 negative. In still stronger concentration the Coli bacteria die off 

 altogether, while the number of the typhoid bacteria are more or less 

 diminished. The author did not find any degree of concentration which 

 would simultaneously inhibit the growth of Coli and promote that of 

 typhoid bacteria. 



* Centralbl. Bakt., 1"> Abt. Orig.. xxxvi. (1904") pp. 743-7. 



t Allgem. Zeitschr. f. Bierbrauerei u. Malzfabrik., xxxiii. (1905) No. 1. See- 

 Centralbl? Bakt., 2 ta Abt., xiv. (1905) p. 244. 



* Centralbl. Bakt., Orig. 1* Abt., pp. :'>12-17. 



