ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 47cV 



in which " the conidia are borne directly on the mycelium, or on conidio- 

 phores that are side branches of the mycelium, but have not yet pro- 

 duced specialised conidiophores." The division includes such genera 

 as Clmotoco nidium, Acremoniinn, Sporotrichum, etc., down to Botrytis, 

 ( -ylindrophora, Cylindrodendrum, Sporodiniopsis, and Tolypomyria. The 

 different genera are well illustrated by figures in the text. 



Agricultural Microbiology.*— Under this title J. Arthaud-Berthel 

 gives the results of his study of the fungus, Outturn lactis. It is known 

 as a frequent saprophyte of organic matter, and has been found to affect 

 injuriously the production of cheese. The author worked with Pasteurised 

 cream in which the fungus had been destroyed. The oidium, it is found, 

 turns the cream rancid, though it is of service in the maturation of cer- 

 tain cheeses. Lactic ferments create lactic acid in the cheese, and the 

 acid prevents the growth of moulds. The moulds, when they do succeed 

 in growing, consume the lactic acid and produce an alkaline condition 

 which encourages the growth of certain bacteria, and is otherwise detri- 

 mental to the cheese. 



Uredineae.t — P. and H. Sydow have issued the fifth fascicle of their 

 work on Uredineas, which completes the account of the genus Puccinia, 

 and forms the final instalment of the first volume. They have written 

 a preface to the volume and a short general account of the genus. They 

 reject Diorchidium and Uropyxis, the characters given not being of 

 generic importance. A sketch is given of the geographical distribution 

 and of the economical importance of the Uredineae. Indices of hosts 

 and parasites are appended. 



Klebahn % records results of experiments on 30 different forms of 

 Uredineas. He draws special attention to the influence of Cronart&um 

 ribicola on Pinus Strobus, which causes the leaves attacked to revert to 

 the early single form of seedling Pines. 



Dry-rot.§ — H. Duchaussoy describes the dry-rot fungus, Meruliva 

 Ittchrymans, and gives various instances of the damage it has caused in 

 various localities ; he describes also the effect produced by it on the 

 wood that it attacks. He finds there is no certain method of detecting 

 contaminated wood until the fungus has gone too far to save the sub- 

 stratum, but much can be done in the way of prevention. Good ventila- 

 tion is very efficacious, and impregnating the wood with some form of 

 creosote is a certain preservative. 



Chemistry of Amanita muscarius.|| — W. Heiniscfa and .1. Xellner 

 tested the component substances of a large number of Bpecimens of 

 A. muscarius. The ash analysis gave a high percentage of potassium 

 and phosphates, with a smaller amount of calcium. Chlorine waa more 



* Comptes Rendus,cxl. (190;")) pp. 1475-7. 



t Monographia Uredinearum, i., Fasc. v. (Borntraeger, Leipzig, 1904) pp. xxxv. 

 and 769-97'2 (4 pis.). 



X Zeitschr. Pnanzenkr., xv. (1905) pp. 66-108 (1 pi. and 4 figs.). 



§ Bull. Hoc. Linn. Nord de la France, xvi. (1902 ::) pp. L75 -1 



|| Anz. Kais. Wisscnsch. Wien. ix. (1904) pp. 89-90 St* also Bot. Contralbl., 

 xcviii. (1905) p. 46:'-. 



