ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 481 



Lichens. 

 (By A. Lorrain Smith, F.L.S.) 



Multi-nucleate Condition of Lichen Spores.* — In the genera 

 Pertusaria, MycoUastus and Ochrolechia, the ascus spores are very large, 

 and in some of the species there is only one spore in the ascus. It 

 seemed probable that such spores would be multi-nucleate, and W. Zopf 

 has proved this by suitable fixation and staining of fresh material. The 

 nuclei lie at equal distances from each other, and are connected by fine 

 strands. Zopf calculated that in the spore of MycoUastus sanguinarius 

 there were 300-400 nuclei. Tulasne and De Bary have already found 

 that these spores germinated by a large number of pores and with very 

 fine germ-tubes. Such tubes would allow passage into them of the 

 small nuclei of the spore. 



Lichenological Notes.f — Max Britzelmayer publishes a list of 

 Lichens collected in the Bavarian Alps, with notes as to their habitat. 

 He deprecates the splitting of species where the difference is only slight. 

 Under Gladonia he gives examples of alterations in the plant induced by 

 change of environment. CI. gracilis in the shade of the woods is 

 whitish, in sunlight it becomes brown or olive-coloured, in addition to 

 differences of form. He describes various forms of CI. rangiformis and 

 the varieties of Lecidella goniophila to the number of twenty. 



Studies of Usnea.l — Alceste Arcangeli gives an historical sketch of 

 Usnea sidphurea with its geographical distribution. He then describes 

 the structure and anatomy of the plant and its colour, the gonidia and 

 the reactions to various chemicals. He is inclined to unite with this 

 species the genus Neuropogon. 



In another paper § he describes Usnea articulata, and criticises the 

 results arrived at by Jatta in his study of this species. He does not 

 look on the thallus as peculiar in the development of the central 

 cylinder ; he considers it to be only a variety of U. barbata. 



Britzelmayer, M.— Lichenes exsiccati florae Augsburgensis. Supplementum i. 

 et ii. (Lichen exsiccata of the Augsburg Flora.) 

 [The numbers published are from 421 to 520.] 



Berlin : R. Friedlander & Sohn, 1904. 

 See also Bot. Centralbl., xeviii. (1905) pp. 420-1. 



Zahlbruckner, A. — Vorarbeiten zu einer Flechtenflora Dalmatiens. 



[The list includes diagnosis of several new species, 

 with a critical review of Dalmatian specie* 

 published by Rorber in 1867.) 



Hester. Bot. Zeitschr. lv. (1905) pp. 1-6 and 



55-69 (1 pi.). 



* Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell.. xxiii (1905) pp. 121-2. 



t Hedwigia, xliv. (1905) pp. 199-217. 



t Atti Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat. Memorie, xx. (1904) pp. 152-66 (1 pi.), bee also Bot. 

 Centralbl., xeviii. (1905) p. 496. _ , _ J 



§ Proc. Verb. Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat., xiv. (1904) No. 2, pp. 46-52. See also Bot. 

 Centralbl., xeviii. (1905) p. 466. 



Aug. 16th, 1905 - K 



