ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MIOKOSO )I'Y, I'.TC 717 



JS. Martensii, which possesses long forked rhizophores with abundant 

 apical growth. Another type again is found in 8. spinulosa, with which 

 .may be classed S. deflem. S. Lyallii and 8. lepidophylla represent other 

 types again. The question is discussed whether the rhizophore is to be 

 regarded as a root or a shoot. The author is satisfied that its nature is 

 that of a shoot. It has apical growth, exogenous origin, and above all 

 it arises not irregularly but always at the place where otherwise a branch 

 would occur on the shoot, and forms with the shoots a system of brandling 

 composed of members of equal morphological value, in regular alternate 

 planes, from its first appearance on the germinating plant. In their 

 development, however, the shoots show that they are designed to perform 

 different functions, the one serving as instruments of assimilation, the 

 other as rhizophores. Thus, although the mature rhizophores do not 

 resemble the shoots of their respective species, they are in the author's 

 opinion merely transformed, metamorphosed shoots, modified according 

 to their function. 



K. Goebel * also deals with the subject of the rhizophores of Selaginella, 

 and agrees with Bruchmann that these organs are morphologically more 

 closely allied to the shoots than to the roots, while partaking of the 

 qualities of both. In this respect they resemble the tubers of the 

 IMoscoreas. The author states that shoots which develop into resting 

 buds are often formed in S. grandis in the place of rhizophores ; these 

 shoots can also be produced artificially on species which have been 

 erroneously supposed to have no rhizophores. The formation of rhizo- 

 phores can also be brought about on aerial shoots which have been cut 

 off from the species which are generally devoid of these organs. The 

 rhizophores are remarkable for their wonderful power of regeneration. 

 The shoots of S. Martensii, and probably other species as well, possess 

 the power of rooting at their base, especially when no rhizophores are 

 developed at the forking of the shoot. The " root hairs " of 8. Martensii 

 are described and figured. 



Anonymous. — The Scouring Rush along the Mississippi. 



[Quotes an extract from Flint's Geography, 1853, about the abundant growth 

 of Equisetum hyemale.~\ Fern Bulletin, xiii. (1905) pp. 85-6. 



Campbell, D. H. — Affinities of the genus Equisetum. 



Amer. Nat., xxxix. (1905) pp. 273-85. 

 Cardiff, I. D. — Development of sporangium in Botrychium. 



Bot. Gazette, xxxix. (1905) pp. 340-7 (1 pi.). 



Christ, H. — Ueber die australen Polystichum-Arten. (Concerning the southern 

 species of Polystichum.) 



[A revision of 9 species gathered in the Antarctic, South America, or New 

 Zealand.] Arhiv f. Botanik., iv. No. 12 (1905) 5 pp. 



Christensen, C. — Index Filicum sive Enumeratio omnium generum specierumque 

 Filicum et Hydropteridum ab anno 1753 ad annum 1905 Descriptorum. (Index 

 of Ferns or enumeration of all the genera and species of Ferns and Fern-allies 

 described between 1753 and 1905.) 



[Asplenium — Dryopteris.] Copenhagen; Hagerup, 1905. fasc. iii. 



pp. 129-92; fasc. iv. pp. 193-256. 



Clute, W. N. — A Walking Shield Fern, Polystichum Plaschnickianum. 



[A tropical American plant whose fronds root and bud at the 

 apex.] Fern Bulletin, xiii. (1905) pp. 78-79. 



* Flora, xcv. (1905) pp. 195-212 (10 figs, in text). 



