778 SUMMARY OK CURRENT RESEARCHES. 



liquid solution of carbon in iron, is clearly explained. The law of mass 

 actions and the influence of passive resistance in opposing the change 

 of an unstable condition to one of stability, are fully considered in their 

 great effect upon the final constitution of steel subjected to thermal 

 treatment. The author supplies a real want by a brief statement, i n- 

 telligible to the student commencing the subject, of the phase doctrine 

 as applied to the study of alloys. The influence of the crystalline struc- 

 ture of iron and steel upon their behaviour when subjected to stress is 

 dealt with on the lines developed by Stead, Ewing, Rosenhain, and 

 others. The slip band theory of the plastic deformation of steel is 

 adopted. Possibly too much importance is attached to intracrystalline 

 weakness in steel, the results obtained by recent workers tending to 

 show that intracrystalline weakness is more serious, and that fracture, in 

 structural iron and steel, usually proceeds through the crystals along 

 cleavage planes. The chapter devoted to the preparation and examina- 

 tion of microscopical specimens gives the approved methods of polishing, 

 etching, mounting, etc. A useful feature is the appended glossary, 

 which closely follows that drawn up by a committee of the Iron and Steel 

 Institute. Throughout the work the standpoint taken is that of the 

 allotropists, though the subcarbide theory of Arnold is stated as an 

 alternative explanation of the hardness of quenched steel. The book 

 may be recommended as a lucid outline of the metallography of iron 

 and steel as this somewhat complex subject stands at the present time. 



Betlby, E. T., & H. N.— The Influence of Phase Changes on the Tenacity of Ductile 

 Metals at the Ordinary Temperature and at the Boiling Point of Liquid Air. 



Proc. Roy. Soc, Ser. A, No. 76 (1905) pp. 462-8 (4 figs.). 



Delyille, P. — The Influence of Titanium on Pig Iron and Steel. 

 [A resume of tlie available information on the subject.] 



Iron and Steel Mag. (1905) pp. 230-4. 



Dillner, Gi'Nnar, & Eustrom, A. F.— Magnetic and Electric Properties of 

 Various Kinds of Sheet Steel and Steel Castings. 



Joum. Iron and Steel Inst., lxvii. (1905) pp. 474-80. 

 Gardner, J. C— Effects caused by the Reversal of Stresses in Steel. 



Tom. cit., pp. 481-3. 

 Houghton, S. A.— Note on the Failure of an Iron Plate through "fatigue." 



Tom. cit. pp. 383-9 (2 figs.); Discussion, pp. M90-4. 

 Leca rme, J.— Cementation of Steel. 



[A reply to H. le Cbatelier's criticism of the author's former paper on the 

 subject— see J.R.M.S., 1905, p. 069. It is pointed out that much of the 

 experimental proof of the author's statements was omitted from the article 

 referred to, with the object of condensing it.] 



Rev. Met., ii. (1905) pp. 720-1. 

 Rogers, F.— Troostite. 



[The author combats Boynton's view of troostite as /3 iron, and gives evidence 

 to show that it contains carbon.] 



Joum. Iron and Steel Inst., lxvii. (1905) pp. 4S4-6. 



