702 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



New Species of Strongyloides.* — 0. v. Linstow, to the three species 

 of this genus already known from many different mammals, adds a fourth. 

 The description given of this form, Strongyloides fulleborni sp. n., is 

 derived from specimens reared from faecal cultures of Anthropopitheeus 

 troglodytes and Cynocephalus babuin, both from Africa. The cultures 

 were made by Dr. Fulleborn in Hamburg. 



Platyhelminthes . 



Parasites of the Pearl Oyster.j — A. E. Shipley and James Hornell 

 describe seven Entozoa from the pearl oyster ; one Cestode, Tetrarhyn- 

 chus unionifactor sp. n. ; three Trematodes, Muttua margaritiferai sp. n., 

 Musalia herdmani, sp. n., Aspidogaster margaritiferm sp. n. ; and three 

 Nematodes, Ascaris meleagrince sp. n., Cheiracanthus uncinatus, and a 

 species of Oxyuris. In the trigger or file fishes (Balistes), which feed 

 on pearl oysters, numerous Tetrarhynchid cysts were found, but the 

 connection between these and the Tetrarhynchi of the pearl oyster is 

 doubtful. In the sea there was found a Planarian-like larva, which 

 resembles the youngest forms found in the pearl oyster. 



Histology of Cestodes.J — W. Minckert has investigated the histology 

 of the epithelium and cuticula in various Cestodes, Ligula, Schisto- 

 cephalus, etc. Some of the points elucidated may be quoted. Regarding 

 the " hair-layer " of the cuticle, to the elements of which he gives the 

 name " comidia," he considers it the normal product of a progressive 

 differentiation of the cuticula and therefore of the epithelial cells, and 

 comparable to the cilia layer of Turbellaria. The " comidia " are non- 

 mobile formations of specific morphological rank as characteristic of the 

 Cestodes, if not more so, as the mobile cilia of the Turbellaria. The 

 homogeneous layer shows the following formations : (a) trophopores 

 (pore canals of authors) and trophoporules ; (b) neurophysia with neuro- 

 pores, viz. the vesicle-like cuticular cavities penetrated by axial nervous 

 substance which is always related to the sense-cells, and giving off delicate 

 canals, the neuropores. Lastly, in the cuticula there is a ground layer, 

 narrow and always more darkly tinged than the homogeneous layer, 

 often appearing granular (Ligula, Schistocephalus), and situated directly 

 above the place of insertion of the epithelial continuations. 



Internal Parasites of Salmon.§ — J. R. Tosh gives an annotated 

 list of parasites observed during a season at Berwick-on-Tweed. Of a 

 total of 81)2 fishes examined, 236, or 26 * 4 p.c, were infected with tape- 

 worm. Specimens of Tetrarhynchus grossus in various stages of degene- 

 ration were found resembling the T. rugosus of Baird and T. solidus of 

 Drummond. These are very likely all referable to T. grossus. 



Bird Cestodes of Eastern Asia.|| — 0. Fuhrmann describes two new 

 species of Davainea, one new species of Anomotcetiia, and gives an 

 account of Cittotcenia Tcuvaria Shipley, from a new host and a fresh 



* Centralbl. Bakt. Parasitenk., xxxviii. (1905) pp. 532-4 (1 pi.), 

 t Ceylon Pearl Oyster Fisheries Keport, Royal Society, Part ii. (1904) pp. 

 77-106 (4 pis.). % Zool. Anzeig., xxix. (1905) pp. 401-8. 



§ Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., No. 92 (1905) pp. 115-19 (I pi.). 

 II Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst., xxii. (1905) pp. 303-20 ( 2 pis.). 



