362 SUMMARY OF CUKREN'J RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



du Cayor," which causes a furunculous myiasis, with the Guinea worm, 

 and with a Senegalese pseudomyiasis, spreading in lines, th< nature of 

 which Is still unknown. 



Life-history of Dryinidse.* — D. Keilin and W. R. Thompson 

 discuss the life-cycle of these Hymenoptera, which occur as parasites 

 in Homoptera (especially Fulgoridae and Jassidae). The authors deal 

 with stages from species of Typhlocyba, where the parasite occurs in the 

 anterior abdominal segment, surrounded by a cyst duo to proliferation 

 of hypodermic cells. As the embryo develops, the cyst enlarges. At 

 a certain stage the larva, curved like a V, protrudes as a hernia on the 

 host. The protrusion never occurs before the host's last moult. The 

 larva protrudes without any great damage to the host, but as ir grows 

 the host becomes lethargic. Before pupation the larva begins to devour 

 its host, and leaves it empty. The larva moults, falls to the ground, 

 spins a cocoon, to which sand-grains adhere, and passes the winter as a 

 pupa. The cyst of the early stage of the parasite acts like a placenta, 

 intermediating iu the passage of nutrition from host to parasite. It 

 may also be likened to a gall. 



Dipterous Parasite of Larval Mycetophylid.t — W. R. Thompson 

 calls attention (1) to Roubaud's report of the parasitism of the larva 

 of a Tachinarian, Siphona (Bucentes) cristata Fabr., in the larva of 

 Tipula maxima, within which it is attached to the tracheal system ; 

 and (2) to a report by Bezzi and Stein that Admontia arnica is a 

 parasite of a Tipulid. Such cases of Dipteron parasitic on Dipteron are 

 very rare. 



The author reports the occurrence of a Dipterous parasite in a 

 Mycetophilid fly, Sciara, where it was discovered by D. Keilin. The 

 parasite remains free in the general cavity of its host, and must utilize 

 the oxygen in the blood. The cuticle is transparent ; there are some 

 extremely minute seta? ; the bucco-pharyngeal armature is very delicate ; 

 the internal tissues are very soft and transparent ; the salivary glands 

 are large ; there seem to be only two Malpighian tubules. No trace of 

 stigmata or tracheal chambers could be seen. Perhaps the larva is 

 apneustic. In any case, its stigmatic system is less developed than in 

 any other known Tachinarian; for it is probable that the larva is a 

 Tachinarian. 



Pipunculids Parasitic in Homoptera. J — Dr. Keilin and W. R. 

 Thompson describe the occurrence of Pipunculid larvaa (Atelenevra 

 spuria) in the abdominal cavity of several species of Tuphlocyba 

 (Homoptera). As the larva increases in size it compresses all the 

 organs of its host and causes distension of the abdomen. For a time 

 it has its head turned towards the thorax of its host, but after a moult 

 it is turned in the opposite direction. The turning is probably associated 

 with the moult. It has its head towards the genital armature of the 



* C.R Soc. Biol. Paris, lxxviii. (1915) pp. 83-7 (10 figs.). 

 t C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, lxxviii. (1915) pp. S7-9 (1 fig.). 

 \ C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, lxxviii. (1915) pp. 9-12 (11 figs.). 



