136 



ECHINOIDEA. II. 



being very narrow. As is usual the blade is simply deepened, the edge thick and rather strongly ser- 

 rate; the lowermost arc has a small prolongation in the middle. 



The triphyllous pedicellarise (PI. XVI. Fig. 26) have only a few serrations in the edge at the 

 lower end of the blade, a remarkable difference from Ech. cor datum (comp. below, p. 146). It is evidently 

 this form which is figured by Koehler (Rech. s. 1. Ech. de Provence. PI. VII. 57); but the valves are 

 there represented as being dentate along their whole edge, which is scarcely correct — at least I have 

 never seen them so. 



This species does not generally reach a large size, in which respect it differs from Ech. penna- 

 tifidum. One of the specimens before me, however, has a length of 54 mm («M. Sars». 4 — 5 miles S. E. 

 ofSvino, Faroe Isl., 50 — 60 fathoms). Sars (Norges Echinod.) describes the curious monstrosities which 

 occur among the specimens of this species (as also in Spat, purpureus and Brissopsis lyrifera). I give 

 here some figures of such remarkable monstrosities (PI. II. Figs. 2, 10). — On several of the sj)ecimens 

 from the dngolf » St. 6 some Ostracods were found between the spines; (parasitic?). 



By the «Ingolf> this species was taken at the following stations: 



St 6 (63 43' Lat. N. 14 34' Long. W. go fathoms 7°o C. Bottom temp.) 28 specimens. 



86 (65 03' - 23 47' - 76 - ? - ) 7 



87 (65°o2' — 23 56' no — ? ) 10 

 — 98 (65°3S' — 26° 27' — 138 — 5°9 ) 1 



- 129 (66° 35' 23 47' "7 6° 5 - - ) 1 



The geographical distribution is from the Coast of Northern Norway and South of Iceland to 

 the Mediterranean and the Azores; the bathymetrical distribution is ca. 5—150 fathoms. 



Specimens from the Mediterranean and the Azores I have not seen; it seems, however, certain 

 that not all the Mediterranean specimens referred to Ech. flavescens are really this species. Thus 

 Gasco (Op. cit.) points out that in his specimens primary tubercles are found only along the borders 

 of the anterior ambulacrum. This recalls the figure 10, PL 4 of Koehler (Echiuocard. de la Mediterr.), 

 in which likewise no large tubercles occur except along the anterior ambulacrum. Adding hereto the 

 fact that pedicellarise such as those figured by Koehler (Op. cit. PL 4. Figs. 12, 13) have not been met 

 with in any of the numerous specimens of flavescens examined, but in some specimens of a distinct species 

 described below, p. 142—4 (sub Echinocardium pennatifidwm\ it will probably not be held too hazardous, 

 when I venture to suggest that at least not all the specimens of < .Ech. flavescens > from the Mediter- 

 ranean are really that species. 



Ech. flavescens is further stated to occur on the American side of the Atlantic and at the Cape 

 of Good Hope, but these statements evidently need a renewed examination. I have myself not seen 

 any American specimens, but in view of the results obtained by the examination of the American 

 specimens of rSpatangus purpureus* and aBrissopsis lyrifera*, I think it not too hardy if I venture to 

 say that the American Echinocardium flavescens might also well deserve a renewed careful examina- 

 tion in the light of the characters pointed out for the Echinocardhtm-species by Koehler and myself. 

 The description and figures in «Revis. of Echini. » do not speak against the identity, but they are not 

 sufficiently detailed for proving definitely that the American form is really Ech. flavescens, and in the 

 description there is one point which is not in accordance with the flavescens of our seas, viz. that the 



