ECHINOIDEA. II. l ^ 



32. Echinocardium cordatum (Penn.). 



PL XVI. Fig. 21. PL XVII. Figs. 15, 21-23. 30, 34, 37-3S, 43, 4S-49- 

 Principal Synonyms : Spatangus arcuarius Lmk. 

 Echinocardium Sebtz Gray. 

 Amphidetus cordatus Forbes, etc. 

 Kurtzzi Gir. 



Principal literature: Pennant: British Zoology. 1777. IV. p. 69. PI. XXXIV. Fig. 75. — Leske: 

 Additamenta ad Kleinii Nat Disp. Echinod. p. 230. Tab. XXIV. c. d. e. Tab. XXXVIII. 5. — Abildgaard: 

 Zoologia Danica. III. p. 17. Tab. XCI. (Spat. flavescens-> -- non Mull.) — Lamarck: Animanx sans 

 vertebres. 1816. III. p. 32. -- Forbes: British Starfishes, p. 190. — Diiben & Koren: Skandin. Echi- 

 nodermer. p. 285. — Agassiz & Desor: Catalogue raisonne. p. 117. PI. XVI. 8. — Gray: Catalogue 

 of recent Echinida. p. 43. — Joh. Mtiller: Ban d. Echinodermen. p. 29. Taf. III. Fig. 3—5. — Desor: 

 Synopsis des Echinides fossiles. p. 407. PI. XLIIL Fig. 4—5. — Sars: Norges Ech. p. 97. — Agassiz: 

 Revision of Echini, p. 109, 349. PL XIX. 10—17, xx - 5—7. XXV. 27—28. — Loven: Etudes s. 1. Echi- 

 noidees. PL I. 2-7, III. 38, XII. 107, XXXIX. 222— 226. On Pourtalesia. PL VIII. 57— 58, XI. 120— 126, 

 XII. 148. — Koehler: Rech. s. les Echinides d. cotes de Provence, p. 130. — (230) p. 473. — Bell: Cat. 

 Brit. Echinoderms. p. 169. PL XVI. 1—4. — Hoyle: Revised List Brit. Echinoidea. p. 427. — Grieg: 

 Nordlige Norges Echinodermer. p. 33. -- Doderlein: Arktische Seeigel. Fauna arctica. IV p. 384. — 



Stanley W. Kemp: Echinoderms of Ballyuakill Ann. Rep. Fish. Ireland. 1902 — 3. PL II. App. VI. 



(1905) p. 182. 



For other literary references I may refer to the <: Revision of Echini » and to Professor Bell's 

 Catalogue. 



This species has been so often described and is so well known that I find very little to re- 

 mark except on the pedicellariae and the postlarval development. — Regarding structural features of 

 the test it may be noticed that the labrum reaches the second adjoining ambulacral plates, viz. a 

 narrow forward prolongation of the latter. Three or four ambulacral plates reach within the subanal 

 fasciole, two or three pairs of pores being included ( — in the specimens from the Danish Seas there 

 are, almost without any exception, only two pairs of pores included — ). The periproct varies greatly 

 in shape (Figs. 24. a— c); generally it is transverse-oval, but it may also be found more or less elongate, 

 sometimes (in specimens from Roscoff) even very elongate and narrow, like that of Ech. mediterra- 

 neum. It may also be pointed out that in the anterior interambulacra there are several larger tubercles 

 scattered on the 2 — 3 vertical plates just beyond the ambitus ; also in the lateral interambulacra there 

 are a few larger tubercles on a pair of the plates just above the ambitus, but only in the anterior 

 series, at the edge of the ambulacrum. This feature, which is distinct already in specimens of ca. i^ mm 

 length, is one more good distinguishing character from mediterraneum, in which species such larger 

 tubercles are not found beyond the ambitus. 



The spicules, especially those very peculiar large ones below the disk of the tube-feet have 

 been carefully described and figured by Loven; I have nothing to add. — The pedicellariae, on the 

 other hand, need a more close examination, a tridentate pedicellaria alone having been figured by 



The In^olf-Fxpedition. IV. 2. jq 



