io8 



PORIFERA. II. 



2 ^, C); station 64, 62° 06' Lat. N., 19° 00' Long. W., depth 1041 fathoms (bottom temperature 3°i C); 

 station 101, 66° 23' Lat. N., 12° 05' Long. W., depth 537 fathoms (bottom temperature -4- o°7 C); station 138, 

 63 26' Lat. N., 7 56' Long. W., depth 471 fathoms (bottom temperature -^o°6C); further it has been 

 taken at 62" 53' Lat. N., 4 14' Long. E., depth 450 fathoms (bottom temperature negative), and 62 c ' 38' 

 Lat. N., 4 40' Long. E., depth 350 fathoms (bottom temperature -j- o°5 C.) (Ad. Jensen, the cruise of the 

 Michael Sars 1902). The first four localities are situated between Iceland and the Faroe Islands, 

 with the exception of station 64, which is situated south of Iceland ; the two localities from the cruise 

 of the < Michael Sars» are in the Faroe-channel. At the first four localities only fragments and loose 

 papillae were obtained, at the last ones on the other hand three specimens. As appears from the above 

 the bottom temperature is negative at most localities, and only positive at stations 4 and 64. From 

 station 64 we have only a quite damaged fragment, which may very well have been dragged in the 

 trawl from an earlier station. From station 4, on the other hand, we have a fresh fragment; this station 

 with a depth of 237 fathoms, is situated on the ridge between the northern, cold depth and the 

 southern depth, so it may well be understood that the species may occur here. I suppose that 

 the specimen in question is a fragment, but it might also be a quite young individual, in which latter 

 case there might be the possibility that the specimen would not have attained its full development on 

 this locality. 



Gcogr. distr. The species has been taken by the Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition, partly 

 between Iceland and the Faroe Islands or a little farther north, partly off the Norwegian coast, at 

 the two first places at depths of 299 and 1163 fathoms, at the latter place at a depth of 452 fathoms; 

 the bottom temperatures were -4- 0% -4- i°i, and -4- i°o C. (Armauer Hansen mentions further 

 station 58, but this station being no zoological one, the statement is presumably erroneous). It has 

 further been taken at East-Greenland, depth 130 fathoms (Fristedt). If C. grandis Verrill proves to be 

 identical with the present species, it has accordingly also been taken off Nova Scotia, among other 

 localities at 43 17' Lat. N., 6o° 58' Long. W., depth 180 fathoms. The species is now known with cer- 

 tainty from different localities in the whole northern depth between Greenland and Norway with a 

 bathymetrical range from 130^1163 fathoms. The species seems chiefly to be a native of the cold 

 bottom, although it scarcely exclusively belongs to the cold area ; the fact proves to be that almost all the 

 localities, to be sure, are negative, but they are situated at the very border of the cold area, and the 

 Ingolf-station 4 forms an exception being situated quite up on the ridge between the cold area and 

 the warm depth and having a bottom temperature of 2°5 C. An exception to the other side is formed 

 by station 51 of the Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition, which is situated in the cold area proper 

 with a depth of 1163 fathoms and a bottom temperature of -f- i°i C. The fragment from Ingolf-station 

 64 must be regarded as uncertain. If C. grandis Verrill proves to be identical with the present species, 

 it accordingly occurs at the eastern coast of America much farther south and at localities with positive 

 bottom temperature, and this does not seem to be improbable. 



Note. Carter, in the Porcupine »-sponges (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1874, 4, XIV, 218), mentions a 

 C/iondrocIadia-species, C. virgata, from station 52, 1869, a locality south of the Faroe Islands with cold 

 bottom. According to Wyville Thomson (The Depths of the Sea, 188), however, this species has 



