PORIFERA. II. 93 



without spicules, or they had microscleres, or else both microscleres and megascleres. The megascleres 

 are small, rather fine and straight styli, arranged like a bundle through the middle of the embryo along 

 its longer axis. The microscleres are very peculiar: they are ancorse, but of a type different from that of 

 the grown sponge. They are smaller and finer, and their teeth are considerably longer than is commonly 

 the case in the Cladorhiza-a.ncor2£\ these teeth, which are very narrow, reach to about the middle of 

 the ancora, or at all events, more than a third of the length. At the larger end there is on either side 

 of the shaft a narrow ala of about the same length as the teeth. Nor is the number of teeth in the 

 larger end constant in these ancorae, but it may be five or six, while in the smaller end the number 

 is always five. The length of these ancorae varies from 0-017 — 0'02i mm , the thickness of the shaft is 

 ca. o-oon" 1 '". I do not venture to decide, whether the final form of ancorse is formed, while the embryo 

 is still in the sponge; ancorae of the final form and size were certainly found in a single case; but as 

 the embryos are only isolated with difficulty they may have belonged to the surrounding membrane. 

 — That embryonic microscleres of a special type occur is a quite peculiar fact, and has not hitherto 

 been observed; the microscleres of the embryos, as has repeatedly been pointed out in the preceding 

 descriptions, are often smaller than in the grown sponge, but they are generally of quite the same form. 



This species is easily recognizable from the other Cladorktza-species by its ancorse. Hitherto 

 no Cladorhiza-species has been described with ancorae with more than five teeth, while here seven or 

 eight teeth are found. A peculiar fact is also that the number of teeth is not constant. When seven 

 teeth are found, one is consequently the median one, but when eight teeth are present, the feature seems 

 to be different, as also then one tooth may be the median one, and then there are consequently four 

 teeth on one side, of which a pair then seems to be a little smaller than the others, as if a cleaving 

 had taken place. In other cases no median tooth is found, but there are four teetb on each side of the 

 median line. In the embryonic ancora there seems always to be a pair in the middle when six teeth 

 are found. A remarkable fact is finally the different number of teeth in either end, as it would seem 

 that the smaller end, without regard to the greater number of teeth in the larger end, has constantly 

 five teeth; while, on the other hand, to judge from the species with three-toothed ancorae described by 

 Ridley and Dendy, it has only three teeth, when the large end has this number. 



Locality: 63 13' Lat. N., 6° 32' Long. W., depth 975 fathoms (bottom temperature -;- o°5i C.) (Ad. 

 Jensen, the cruise of the Michael Sars» 1902). According to this the species is a native of the cold area. 



5. C. corticocancellata Cart. 

 PL III, Figs. 7—9. PI. XII, Fig. 6 a— f. 



1876. Cladorhiza abyssicola var. corticocancellata Carter, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, XVIII, 319, PI. XIII, 



figs. 16, 16 a. 

 1885. Cladorhiza abyssicola Armauer Hansen, The Norwegian North-Atlantic Exp. XIII, Spongiadae, 



partim, PI. IV, fig. 10, PI. VII, fig. 7 a. 



Erect, set with a number of short, almost zoart-likc projections or branches; otherwise unbranched. 

 or divided into branches from the base. The surface is oj a peculiar, reticulate-grooved structure, and no 



possibility we are again led to reflect on a connection between oscula and branchlets, as has been hinted at before under 

 Asbestopiuma pennalula and the following slsdes/ofi/uma-species. 



