PORIFERA. II. 



71 



o-ooi mm . The chelae occur in large quantities, especially in the skin and also clown on the stalk; they 

 are found in enormous numbers in the refolded edge the spiculation of which they form together with 

 the mentioned short tylostyli. Forcipes are very few 7 . 



Embryos. In most specimens of this sponge embryos were found; they are situated in the 

 calyx-wall, rather close-lying, and in rather large numbers. They are globular, of somewhat different 

 size up to o-i8 mm in diameter. Their spiculation is somewhat interesting. They have both megasclera 

 and microsclera; the microsclera are chelse of the same form as in the grown ones, but they are smaller, 

 they were thus measured to o - oi4 mm . That some difference is also seen in the dimensions of the single 

 parts has already been mentioned under the chelse. The megasclera show no likeness at all with 

 those of the grown sponge; they are more or less irregularly, often highly curved, and they may be of 

 different forms as strongyla, styli, or oxea, and they have swellings in different places; most frequently 

 they are strongyla. In the largest of the embryos they were measured of a length of about o-i m,n and 

 a thickness of 0-007 — o-oo8 mm , but in the smaller embryos they are considerably finer. In the examined 

 embryos they were only present in small numbers, about ten needles in each embryo. 



Remarks: After Carter's mentioning and figure I.e., there can scarcely be any doubt that the 

 form mentioned there in the parenthesis is infundibulum\ in the specimen before him the calyx must 

 then have been in a compressed state. Also Armauer Hansen's figures cited above are surely 

 infundibulum. As I have had Levinsen's type specimens from the Kara Sea for examination, I 

 have been able to determine the species with certainty. Levinsen, by his mentioning of the chelae, 

 states that in a specimen of cuprcssiformis he has found the same chela as that occurring in infundi- 

 bulum, only, however, to a number of five; therefore he thinks that this chela is identical with the 

 one figured by Vosmaer (Niederl. Arch, fiir Zool. Suppl. Baud I, PI. I, figs. 109— no) as belonging to the 

 species enumerated as Cladorhiza bihamatifcra, as he supposes cuprcssiformis and bihamatifcra to be 

 one species. As will have been seen before under bihamatifcra, this, however, is not the fact; Vos- 

 maer's species is pcnuatula, and the large chela in this species as well as in bihamatifcra is of a 

 quite different type, and the five chelae found by Levinsen in cuprcssiformis must have been extra- 

 neous bodies; extraneous microsclera are frequently found, especially microsclera from sponges growing 

 in the same place. With regard to the description of the smaller part of the chela Levinsen has 

 not interpreted the form of this part correctly. His figures are good, and show the occurring variations 

 in an excellent manner; but by the magnifying powers he has used, he has not been able to get a 

 view of the fact that the smaller end consists in the common way of alas and tooth, but interprets 

 this end as forming a cup, at the bottom of which the tuberculum is placed. 



Locality: Station 116, 70° 05' Lat N., 8° 26' Long. W., depth 371 fathoms (bottom temperature 

 -=-o°4C); station 126, 67° 19' Lat. N., 15° 52' Long. W., depth 293 fathoms (bottom temperature -=-o°5C); 

 station 143, 62 58' Lat. N., 7 09' Long.W., depth 388 fathoms (bottom temperature -=- o°4 C). These three 

 stations are situated north of the Faroe Islands, north of Iceland, and south of Jan Mayen, and they 

 are all in the cold area. 



Geogr. distr. With regard to the specimens of the Norwegian North Atlantic Expedition, the 

 particular locality is not known; Carter's specimen was taken by the < Porcupine ^ south of the 



