ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 183 



cell. Most of the structures in Funaria lie on the side of the inner 

 protoplasmic membrane nearest the cell-sap. Experiments were made 

 to test whether the formations stand in a causative connexion with the 

 movement of the chloroplasts. The conclusions were against this 

 theory, and another is put forward. Other groups of plants were 

 examined. 



Sterile Moss-cultures.* — G. v. Ubisch describes his experiments in 

 the culture of mosses in light and darkness, and compares his results 

 with those of Servettaz on the same subject. His work was principally 

 carried out on Funaria hygrometrka. The spores germinated at about 

 the same time on whatever nutritive soil they were sown, in light or 

 darkness, but the resulting protonema varied greatly. Von Ubisch 

 found starch reaction in all cultures ; Servettaz failed to find it in his 

 cultures grown in the dark. The various cultures are figured at different 

 stages of growth. Ripe capsules were never obtained. Seven species 

 were germinated in the dark cultures, eight in the light. 



Fresh -water Mosses, t — C. Warnstorf, W. Monkemeyer, and 

 V. Schiffner have collaborated in producing Section 14 of A. Pascher's 

 Fresh-water Flora of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. They are 

 responsible for Sphagnales, Bryales, and Hepaticte respectively. Only 

 those plants which thrive in fresh water or can tolerate an aquatic life 

 are admitted. The number of species included in the three groups are 

 Sphagnales 48 ; Bryales 140 ; Hepaticse 60. Each genus, species, variety 

 and form is carefully described, and keys are given for facilitating 

 identification. Numerous text-figures are supplied, many of them 

 original. 



Nuclear Division in Preissia.J— M. Graham publishes some studies 

 in nuclear division of Preissia commutata, describing first the stages 

 observed during mitosis in the vegetable cells, and secondly the nuclear 

 changes during sporogenesis. Numerous figures, highly magnified, are 

 provided. 



New Hyophila from Tripoli. §— G. Zodda, in giving a list of mosses 

 collected by R. Pampanini in Tripoli, describes Hyophila Pampaninii, a 

 new species, and figures the structure of its leaves. Thirty-seven mosses 

 and five hepatics are now known from Tripoli ; they are almost all 

 xerophilous ; and not a single pleurocarpous moss has been recorded. 



Triquetrella in Europe. ||— A. Luisier records the discovery near 

 Salamanca of Triquetrella arapilensis, a new species of a genus known 

 hitherto only from the Southern hemisphere. He describes and figures 

 the distinguishing characters of the plant, and points out its affinities to 

 T. papillata, a species found in Tasmania and New Zealand. He records 

 other novelties for the Iberian Peninsula. 



* Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gesell., xxxi. (1913) pp. 543-52 (figs, in text), 

 t Eie Siisswasser-Flora Deutschlands. Heft 14 : Bryophyta. Jena : G. Fischer 

 (1914) 222 pp. (figs.). % Ann. of Bot., xxvii. (1913) pp. 661-79 (2 pis.). 



§ Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital., 1913, pp. 174-8 (figs.). 

 || Broteria, Bot., xi. (1913) pp. 135-43. 



