ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 567 



felt that herbarium specimens of Agarics fail to be of much value. 

 Good illustrations and careful study of the microscopic structure are 

 what the author has attempted. The microscopic characters are very 

 useful in the study of the genus Mycena, a number of unusually distinct 

 and varied characters being present. The shape of the spores is ex- 

 tremely variable, the size, outline, and surface varying with different 

 species. Quite a number of species have bi-spored basidia. Two types 

 of cystidia can also be distinguished. 1. The cystidia are smooth, their 

 free portion hair-shaped, cylindrical, or conical, rarely somewhat branched 

 or forked ; the inserted part often more or less ventricose. 2. The free 

 portion of the cystidia is set with warts or setiform hairs ; its outline 

 obtuse or almost hemispherical ; the entire cell pyriform or obovate. 

 The microscopic characters are given the chief importance, and used 

 as the basis for the systematic arrangement of the species. A key is 

 given to fifty-five species of the genus. The microscopic characters of 

 each species are given, with notes in most cases on their macroscopic 

 characters, habitats, and distinguishing features. Five new species are 

 described, and several new varieties. Eleven coloured drawings of in- 

 teresting species are given, and figures of the spores, cystidia, etc., of all 

 the species considered. 



Fungi of Sand-dunes.* — H. J. Wheldon has studied the fungi 

 which occur in the various plant associations of the extensive sand-dune 

 formation on the Lancashire coast. The associations are first described 

 and the characteristic plants, phanerogams and cryptogams, indicated. 

 The fungi are then listed under the different associations. 



New Species of Fungi. f — Eight new species of fungi are described 

 by E. M. Wakefield and Gr. Massee. Two new species of Polyporus ; 

 a new species of Gyphella, 0. Hevese, said to be undoubtedly parasitic 

 on Hevea brasilie/isis ; two new species of Aspergillus, which with two 

 other known species were taken from the soil at Khartoum ; Scirrhia 

 Oyperi ; Sphserella vexans ; Botrytis necans, parasitic on the moth 

 Brachartona catoxantha ; and Cercospora Musse, causing a serious 

 banana disease in Fiji. 



Nigerian Fungi. J — E. M. Wakefield describes a small collection of 

 fungi from Southern Nigeria. Notes on the habitats are given. Points 

 of interest in structure are remarked. Hymenocheete castanea is figured 

 and described as new. 



Philippine Basidiomycetes.§— P. W. Graff continues his account 

 of the larger fungi of the Philippines. The synonymy, distribution, etc., 

 of the species are given. Seven new species of Agaricaceas are diagnosed, 

 one of which, Lentinus Macgregorii, is figured. 



* Lancashire Naturalist, April-September 1914. 



t Kew Bull., No. 4 (1914) pp. 156-9. 



t Kew Bull., No. 7 (1914) pp. 253-61. 



§ Philippine Journ. Sci., ix. (1914) pp. 235-55 (1 pi.). 



