ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 477 



having similar gross appearance present well-marked microscopic dif- 

 ferences, or two specimens with dissimilar appearance may yet agree 

 under the microscope." 



Keys to the foliicolous and caulicolous species are given, and in turn 

 these are described in detail. There are eleven species on leaves and five 

 on bark. 



New Hyphomycete.* — Henri Coupin states that on Raulin solution 

 exposed to the air, numerous colonies of fungi develop, these being 

 accompanied or covered by an organism forming a grey " veil." This 

 was determined to be a form of yeast, but more careful examination and 

 cultures have proved it to be a true Hyphomycete which forms filaments, 

 breaking up into short lengths and swollen cells ; these finally become 

 thick-walled. Germination and development of the fungus were fol- 

 lowed ; it has been made the type of a new genus of Mucedineas, Poly- 

 morphomyces. 



Development • of Stropharia ambigua.f — The plant studied was 

 determined by Peck as a Hypholoma, owing to the appendiculate cha- 

 racter of the veil and the entire absence of an annulus. S. M. Zeller 

 has, however, followed the whole development, and finds that it does not 

 correspond with that of Hypholoma. The first differentiation is the 

 appearance of the primordium of the hymenium, a character pertaining 

 to annulate forms as distinct from Hypholoma and others, in which the 

 primordium of the pileus appears first. Careful examination also showed 

 the presence of an annulus, hence the transference of the species to the 

 genus Stropharia. 



Mycorhiza of Asclepiadaceae.f — A study of root fungi in this family 

 has been made by E. Buisch. He found Mycorhiza very frequently 

 present. The succulent members generally possessed typical Mycorhiza ; 

 the non-succulent more rarely, and then the roots were imperfectly in- 

 fected. The fungus showed the familiar characters : hyphge, vesicles, 

 dendritic branching sporangioles, and granular masses. Buisch found 

 " knot-vesicles " in Stapelia normalis and Hoja carnosa. The functions 

 and occurrence of these vesicles are discussed ; it seems proved that they 

 are resting conditions of the fungus. Cells containing calcium-oxalate 

 crystals were frequently observed. It was observed that the Mycotrophic 

 plants among the Asclepiads showed no reaction of nitrates, the opposite 

 being the case with those not infected. These plants in particular 

 possessed Mycorhiza that had a reduced transpiration current. 



Atmospheric Fungus Spores. § — Paul Lindner explains the methods 

 of exposing culture plates so as to secure growths of fungi from spores 



* Rev. Gen. Bot., xxvi. (1914) pp. 245-8 (1 pi.). 



t Mycologia, vi. (1914) pp. 139-45 (2 pis.). 



t Verh. k.k. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, lxiii. (1913) pp. 240-64 (pis.). See also 

 Hedwigia, lv. (1914) Beibl., p. 17. 



§ Die Biologische Nachweis von Pilzsporen in der Luft. Warrnbrunn : 

 Quilz and Co. (1913) 12 pp. (1 col. pi. and 16 figs.). See also Hedwigia, lv. (1914) 

 Beibl., p. 19. 



