544 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



with Oxyuris vermicular is was a fairly high one — 17 p.c. for the cases 

 examined. Normal appendices show a much lower percentage of in- 

 fection. The appendices of children showed a higher percentage of 

 infection than those of adults. The recurrent type of appendicitis is 

 most frequently associated with Oxyuris infection, and there is probably 

 a clinical type of Oxyuris appendicitis. The suppurative type has 

 practically no relation to Oxyuris infection. Trichocephalas trichiurus 

 was not found in any of the cases examined. 



Platyhfilmintb.es. 



Studies on Distomidae,* — GL Muhlschlag has made a study of Otodi- 

 stomum veliporum (Creplin) from Selachians, Distommn fuscum Poirier 

 from Ooryphsena, and D. ingens Moniez from a Labrid. He gives an 

 account of the integument, the musculature, the alimentary, nervous, 

 excretory, and reproductive systems. The third species, D. ingens, was 

 represented by three ampulla-like specimens, 35 mm. in length, and 

 15 mm. in breadth — huge dimensions for a Distome. In a specimen 

 described by Owen in 1834, the dimensions were 54 mm. in length and 

 21 mm. in posterior breadth. 



Chromatin Changes in Germ-cells of Distomum.t— Fritz Levy 

 describes the various permutations of the chromatin observed in the 

 spermatogenesis, oogenesis, and fertilization of a- species of Distomum, 

 which is probably D. turgidum Brandes. One of the features in the 

 mitosis is an " amphimetasyndesis " of the chromosomes, not an end-to- 

 end association (metasyndesis) with subsequent folding, nor a parallel 

 association (parasyndesis), but a parallel or strepsitaenic apposition, with- 

 out true zygotsenia, followed by a more or less firm union at both ends, 

 forming a ring or cross. 



Endoparasites from Kamtschatka Salmonidae.J — F. Zschokke and 

 A. Hertz report on a collection of Cestodes, Nematodes, and Acantho- 

 cephala from species of Oncorhynchus (which feeds in sea- but spawns 

 and dies in fresh-water), and from Salvelinus malma, which keeps to 

 fresh-water. Among the Cestodes was Pelichnibothrium caudatum sp. n. 

 of the " scolex polymorphic " type, which may perhaps attain to a 

 mature strobila stage in some predacious fish. Among the Nematodes 

 was Dacnitis laevis sp. n. which has not the cuticular annulation of other 

 species of the genus. Among the Acanthocephala was Acanthocephale g.n. 

 with a peculiar shape. It shows a short cylindrical armoured proboscis, 

 a short unarmoured neck, a somewhat bell-shaped anterior body with 

 very numerous minute hooks, and a narrow posterior body at first straight 

 and then curiously coiled. A Myxosporidian, Henneguya zschokkei Gurley, 

 was also found in Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walb.). The authors make an 

 interesting comparison of the parasites in Oncorhynchus and those in the 

 related salmon. 



* Zool. Jahrb. Abth. Syst., xxxvii. (1914) pp. 199-252 (2 pis. and 15 figs.), 

 t Arch. Mikr. Anat., lxxxv. (1914) 2te Abt., pp. 125-34 (1 pi. and 1 fig.), 

 j Rev. Suisse Zool., xxii. (1914) pp. 195-255 (1 pi.). 



