ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICKOSCOPY, ETC. 345 



Coffee Disease.* — F. G. Kohl traces the disease to the attack of a 

 Hyphomycete, Stilbella flavida, which is not confined to the coffee- 

 plant but grows on several other hosts. The writer does not think that 

 the fungus in question has any connection with other fungi recorded on 

 coffee ; and he thinks that the Stilbella has not yet entirely adapted 

 itself to its new host. The conidia alone failed to infect, and growth 

 was only obtained when the whole head of the Stilbella was inserted 

 in the host-plant. He recommends various methods of combating the 

 disease. 



Parasitic Fungi. f — A. Volkart describes a new species of Exoas- 

 cacere on the leaves of a composite. Although the mycelium is sub- 

 epidermal, the author includes it in the genus Taphrina, placing it 

 alongside another species of the genus in which the mycelium pierces 

 the epidermal cells. He found a Pyrenomycete, Mycosphcerella Aronici, 

 associated with Fusicladium and Phyllosticta on the leaves of Aronicum, 

 and considers them to be stages of one life-history. He found another 

 Hyphomycete, Cercosporella, and still another Phyllostieta on the same 

 host, but he has not identified them with any Ascomycetous forms. 



Occurrence of Fungus Spores in the Atmosphere. $ — K. Saito has 

 undertaken a research on this subject to determine the number of spores 

 present in the air and variations due to the time of year. He wished 

 also to determine the genera and species of the spores and to find how 

 these varied in space and time. He omitted bacteria and yeasts from 

 his work. Soya gelatin was employed as the basis of the culture media 

 and a week was allowed for incubation. He tested the spore contents 

 of the air for several different localities in or near Tokyo, and for all the 

 months of the year. In the air of the garden the maximum of spores 

 was in July, the minimum in March. The same result was found in the 

 air of the streets. In a high wind the number was greatly increased ; 

 after rain or snow, fewer of these organisms were present in the air. 

 The author gives a list of all the species that he found, forty-six in all, 

 Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium ylaucum and Epicoceum purpuras- 

 eens being the most frequent. 



Mycorrhiza.§ — (1. F. L. Sarauw has published a long dissertation on 

 the symbiosis of fungi with the roots of the higher plants. He criticises 

 the deductions made by Frank from his experiments with forest trees, 

 and inclines to the belief that the mycorrhiza is not so essential to the 

 health of the higher plants as Frank considered it to be. The vigour 

 of the fungus is determined by the presence of humus in the soil, and 

 is therefore more largely developed in woods than in carefully cultivated 

 ground. As to the species of fungus that enter into symbiotic relations 

 with the roots, he considers Cladosporium and Hehnintkosporium to be 

 the most usual forms, and he rather throws doubt on the idea that 



* Beih. zum Tropenflanzer, iv. (1903) pp. 61-77. See also Ann. Mycol. ii. (1904) 

 pp. 120-3. 



t Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., xxi. (1903) pp. 477-81 (1 pi.). See also Ann. Mycol., 

 ii. (1904) p. 115. 



% Journ. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo, xviii. (1904) 58 pp. (5 pis.). 



§ Rev. Mycol., xxvi. (1904) pp. 1-19. 



