ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 61 



larval tube into a pupal case, and how it makes a new exit for itself at the 

 lower end of the dilated portion. This exit is seldom single ; generally 

 two, three, or even four holes are made. When it is ready to emerge, the 

 pupa creeps out by using hooks on its body. The larva of a water mite 

 is often attached to the pupa, and it succeeds in attaching itself to the fly, 

 to which it apparently does no harm. 



Marine Chironomid New to Britain.*— A. D. Imms found Clunio 

 ftkolor Kieff skimming on the surface of rock pools near Port Erin. It 

 is a new addition to the British fauna. The males appear to be only on 

 the wing in fine weather ; even a slight wind is detrimental to their fragile 

 constitution. They are only seen at low water, and probably do not 

 survive until a second ebb-tide. A single female — not previously known 

 — was discovered resting on the surface film. She is likewise very short- 

 lived, and is apterous and vermiform. 



Follicular Cells of Cricket.f— Edwin G. Conklin describes the process 

 of amitosis in the follicle cells of the ovum of the cricket. He shows the 

 stage at which amitosis occurs, and finds that the type found here exactly 

 corresponds to the type described by Remak. He finds that the amitotic 

 division is, in this case, one of the last functions of the cells, and that it 

 is an accompaniment of cellular senescence and decay. 



Pelecinidae.J— W. A. Schulz makes a contribution to our knowledge 

 of this small family of Ichneumon-flies, which is represented by two 

 genera, Pelecinus and Monomachus. A third genus, OphioneUas = 

 Pharsalia, previously referred to the Pelecinidas, belongs to the Ophionidai 

 (NototrachinaB). The Pelecinidaj occur in equatorial regions in the New 

 World, and one species is Australian. They are remarkable in form and 

 show well-marked sexual dimorphism. 



Collembola of the Beach. § — C. B. Davenport deals with Anurida 

 maritima Guerin, Xenylla humicola, Tullberg and Isotoma bessellii 

 Packard — the common Collembola of the beach, as at Cold Spring on the 

 north shore of Long Island. He discusses their distribution and move- 

 ments on the beach, their reactions to gravity, contact, moisture, air- 

 cnrrents, light, etc., the Collembola as ancestral insects, and the evolution 

 of insect intelligence. He also gives, after Macgillivray, a useful key to 

 the determination of the genera of boreal Collembola. 



The Podurids of the beach live between tide-marks, go into the sand 

 at high tide and rise to the surface to take the air when the tide is out. 

 They run up surfaces in face of the wind, and leap when they reach the 

 top, being blown back to the starting point. They are exceedingly 

 sensitive to gravity, to contact, to moisture, to currents of air, and to 

 light, and these elementary reactions are so combined as to bring about 

 their normal movements. They are provided with these instincts before 

 they reached the beach, else they could never have survived there. The 



* Proc. and Trans. Liverpool Biol. Ass., xvii. (1902-3) pp. 81-5 (3 figs.). 

 t Amer. Nat, xxxvii. (1903) pp. 667-75 (8 fiss.). 

 % SB. K.B. Akad. Wiss. Miincken, 1903, Heft iii. pp. 435-50 (1 pi). 

 § Cold Spring Hirbjr Monographs, Brooklyn Inst, of Arts and Science3, No. ii. 

 (1903) p. 32(1 pi.). 



